In this tutorial we shall look at data types in Python and 

    mathematical operators available.

    For 'Numbers' we have: int, float, complex datatypes    

    All integers irrespective of how big they are of 'int' data 

    type. Now we will create a variable, say

    lets create one more variable

    (what about large value? and it is Long and not int, should we mention

    that?)

    Floating point numbers come under 'float'

    creates a complex number c. Here 'j' is used to specify the imaginary 

    part.

    All the basic operators work with Python data types, without any

    surprises. When we try to add two numbers like x and y Python takes 

    cares of returning 'right' answer and we dont have to worry about

    boundary conditions.

    x + y

    % operator is for modulo operations

    1786 % 12 gives 10

    45 % 2 returns 1

    Same as additions multiplication also works just right:

    3124 * 126789

    396088836

    x ** y returns x raised to power y. For example lets try:

    big = 1234567891234567890 ** 3

    Division in Python truncates, that is, when we divide a integer 

    variable with another integer result is also integer and decimal 

    value is truncated. So

    17 / 2 returns 8 and not 8.5

    but

    17 / 2.0 will return the correct 8.5, similarly

    17.0 / 2 will also give correct answer.

    Other operators which comes handy are:

    += 

    lets create one variable a with

    a =  7546

    now

    a += 1 will increment the value of 'a' by 1

    similarly 

    a -= 1 will decrement.

    we can also use 

    a *= 2

    a 

    answer is multiplied by 2

    a /= 5    

    a is divided by 5

    we can do binary operation like 'or', 'and', 'not' with these variables

    We also have support for relational and logical operators. Lets try some

    examples:

    We start with initializing three variables by:

    p, z, n = 1, 0, -1 

    To check equivalency of two variables use '=='

    p == z 

    False

    p >= n

    True

    We can check for multiple logical operations in one statement itself.

    n < z < p

    True.

    This statement checks if 'z' is smaller then 'p' and greater then 'n'

    For inequality testing we use '!'

    p + n != z will add 'p' and 'n' and check the equivalency with z

    We have already covered briefly in some of the previous sessions, 

    conversion of data among different types.

    int(17 / 2.0) will convert result to integer type and we get

    8 as answer and not 8.5

    But if we try something like 

    float(17 / 2) we get 8.0 as 17/2 is already truncated to int

    and converting that to float wont restore the lost decimal digits.

    To rounding off a floating number to a given precision 'round' function

    can be used.

    round(7.5) returns 

    8.

    This brings us to the end of tutorial on introduction of Data types 

    related to numbers in Python. In this tutorial we have learnt what are 

    supported data types, supported operations and operators. How to convert 

    one data type to other.