from datetime import datetime

import re

from django.conf import settings

from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist

from django.db import models, DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS, connection

from django.db.models.fields import FieldDoesNotExist

from django.test import TestCase

from models import Article

class ModelTest(TestCase):

    def assertRaisesErrorWithMessage(self, error, message, callable, *args, **kwargs):

        self.assertRaises(error, callable, *args, **kwargs)

        try:

            callable(*args, **kwargs)

        except error, e:

            self.assertEqual(message, str(e))

    def test_lookup(self):

        # No articles are in the system yet.

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [])

        # Create an Article.

        a = Article(

            id=None,

            headline='Area man programs in Python',

            pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 28),

        )

        # Save it into the database. You have to call save() explicitly.

        a.save()

        # Now it has an ID.

        self.assertTrue(a.id != None)

        # Models have a pk property that is an alias for the primary key

        # attribute (by default, the 'id' attribute).

        self.assertEqual(a.pk, a.id)

        # Access database columns via Python attributes.

        self.assertEqual(a.headline, 'Area man programs in Python')

        self.assertEqual(a.pub_date, datetime(2005, 7, 28, 0, 0))

        # Change values by changing the attributes, then calling save().

        a.headline = 'Area woman programs in Python'

        a.save()

        # Article.objects.all() returns all the articles in the database.

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(),

            ['<Article: Area woman programs in Python>'])

        # Django provides a rich database lookup API.

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(id__exact=a.id), a)

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(headline__startswith='Area woman'), a)

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pub_date__year=2005), a)

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pub_date__year=2005, pub_date__month=7), a)

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pub_date__year=2005, pub_date__month=7, pub_date__day=28), a)

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pub_date__week_day=5), a)

        # The "__exact" lookup type can be omitted, as a shortcut.

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(id=a.id), a)

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(headline='Area woman programs in Python'), a)

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(

            Article.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2005),

            ['<Article: Area woman programs in Python>'],

        )

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(

            Article.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2004),

            [],

        )

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(

            Article.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2005, pub_date__month=7),

            ['<Article: Area woman programs in Python>'],

        )

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(

            Article.objects.filter(pub_date__week_day=5),

            ['<Article: Area woman programs in Python>'],

        )

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(

            Article.objects.filter(pub_date__week_day=6),

            [],

        )

        # Django raises an Article.DoesNotExist exception for get() if the

        # parameters don't match any object.

        self.assertRaisesErrorWithMessage(

            ObjectDoesNotExist,

            "Article matching query does not exist.",

            Article.objects.get,

            id__exact=2000,

        )

        self.assertRaisesErrorWithMessage(

            ObjectDoesNotExist,

            "Article matching query does not exist.",

            Article.objects.get,

            pub_date__year=2005,

            pub_date__month=8,

        )

        self.assertRaisesErrorWithMessage(

            ObjectDoesNotExist,

            "Article matching query does not exist.",

            Article.objects.get,

            pub_date__week_day=6,

        )

        # Lookup by a primary key is the most common case, so Django

        # provides a shortcut for primary-key exact lookups.

        # The following is identical to articles.get(id=a.id).

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pk=a.id), a)

        # pk can be used as a shortcut for the primary key name in any query.

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.filter(pk__in=[a.id]),

            ["<Article: Area woman programs in Python>"])

        # Model instances of the same type and same ID are considered equal.

        a = Article.objects.get(pk=a.id)

        b = Article.objects.get(pk=a.id)

        self.assertEqual(a, b)

    def test_object_creation(self):

        # Create an Article.

        a = Article(

            id=None,

            headline='Area man programs in Python',

            pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 28),

        )

        # Save it into the database. You have to call save() explicitly.

        a.save()

        # You can initialize a model instance using positional arguments,

        # which should match the field order as defined in the model.

        a2 = Article(None, 'Second article', datetime(2005, 7, 29))

        a2.save()

        self.assertNotEqual(a2.id, a.id)

        self.assertEqual(a2.headline, 'Second article')

        self.assertEqual(a2.pub_date, datetime(2005, 7, 29, 0, 0))

        # ...or, you can use keyword arguments.

        a3 = Article(

            id=None,

            headline='Third article',

            pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 30),

        )

        a3.save()

        self.assertNotEqual(a3.id, a.id)

        self.assertNotEqual(a3.id, a2.id)

        self.assertEqual(a3.headline, 'Third article')

        self.assertEqual(a3.pub_date, datetime(2005, 7, 30, 0, 0))

        # You can also mix and match position and keyword arguments, but

        # be sure not to duplicate field information.

        a4 = Article(None, 'Fourth article', pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31))

        a4.save()

        self.assertEqual(a4.headline, 'Fourth article')

        # Don't use invalid keyword arguments.

        self.assertRaisesErrorWithMessage(

            TypeError,

            "'foo' is an invalid keyword argument for this function",

            Article,

            id=None,

            headline='Invalid',

            pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31),

            foo='bar',

        )

        # You can leave off the value for an AutoField when creating an

        # object, because it'll get filled in automatically when you save().

        a5 = Article(headline='Article 6', pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31))

        a5.save()

        self.assertEqual(a5.headline, 'Article 6')

        # If you leave off a field with "default" set, Django will use

        # the default.

        a6 = Article(pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31))

        a6.save()

        self.assertEqual(a6.headline, u'Default headline')

        # For DateTimeFields, Django saves as much precision (in seconds)

        # as you give it.

        a7 = Article(

            headline='Article 7',

            pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30),

        )

        a7.save()

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(id__exact=a7.id).pub_date,

            datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30))

        a8 = Article(

            headline='Article 8',

            pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45),

        )

        a8.save()

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(id__exact=a8.id).pub_date,

            datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45))

        # Saving an object again doesn't create a new object -- it just saves

        # the old one.

        current_id = a8.id

        a8.save()

        self.assertEqual(a8.id, current_id)

        a8.headline = 'Updated article 8'

        a8.save()

        self.assertEqual(a8.id, current_id)

        # Check that != and == operators behave as expecte on instances

        self.assertTrue(a7 != a8)

        self.assertFalse(a7 == a8)

        self.assertEqual(a8, Article.objects.get(id__exact=a8.id))

        self.assertTrue(Article.objects.get(id__exact=a8.id) != Article.objects.get(id__exact=a7.id))

        self.assertFalse(Article.objects.get(id__exact=a8.id) == Article.objects.get(id__exact=a7.id))

        # You can use 'in' to test for membership...

        self.assertTrue(a8 in Article.objects.all())

        # ... but there will often be more efficient ways if that is all you need:

        self.assertTrue(Article.objects.filter(id=a8.id).exists())

        # dates() returns a list of available dates of the given scope for

        # the given field.

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(

            Article.objects.dates('pub_date', 'year'),

            ["datetime.datetime(2005, 1, 1, 0, 0)"])

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(

            Article.objects.dates('pub_date', 'month'),

            ["datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 1, 0, 0)"])

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(

            Article.objects.dates('pub_date', 'day'),

            ["datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 28, 0, 0)",

             "datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 29, 0, 0)",

             "datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 30, 0, 0)",

             "datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 31, 0, 0)"])

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(

            Article.objects.dates('pub_date', 'day', order='ASC'),

            ["datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 28, 0, 0)",

             "datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 29, 0, 0)",

             "datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 30, 0, 0)",

             "datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 31, 0, 0)"])

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(

            Article.objects.dates('pub_date', 'day', order='DESC'),

            ["datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 31, 0, 0)",

             "datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 30, 0, 0)",

             "datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 29, 0, 0)",

             "datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 28, 0, 0)"])

        # dates() requires valid arguments.

        self.assertRaisesErrorWithMessage(

            TypeError,

            "dates() takes at least 3 arguments (1 given)",

            Article.objects.dates,

        )

        self.assertRaisesErrorWithMessage(

            FieldDoesNotExist,

            "Article has no field named 'invalid_field'",

            Article.objects.dates,

            "invalid_field",

            "year",

        )

        self.assertRaisesErrorWithMessage(

            AssertionError,

            "'kind' must be one of 'year', 'month' or 'day'.",

            Article.objects.dates,

            "pub_date",

            "bad_kind",

        )

        self.assertRaisesErrorWithMessage(

            AssertionError,

            "'order' must be either 'ASC' or 'DESC'.",

            Article.objects.dates,

            "pub_date",

            "year",

            order="bad order",

        )

        # Use iterator() with dates() to return a generator that lazily

        # requests each result one at a time, to save memory.

        dates = []

        for article in Article.objects.dates('pub_date', 'day', order='DESC').iterator():

            dates.append(article)

        self.assertEqual(dates, [

            datetime(2005, 7, 31, 0, 0),

            datetime(2005, 7, 30, 0, 0),

            datetime(2005, 7, 29, 0, 0),

            datetime(2005, 7, 28, 0, 0)])

        # You can combine queries with & and |.

        s1 = Article.objects.filter(id__exact=a.id)

        s2 = Article.objects.filter(id__exact=a2.id)

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(s1 | s2,

            ["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",

             "<Article: Second article>"])

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(s1 & s2, [])

        # You can get the number of objects like this:

        self.assertEqual(len(Article.objects.filter(id__exact=a.id)), 1)

        # You can get items using index and slice notation.

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.all()[0], a)

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[1:3],

            ["<Article: Second article>", "<Article: Third article>"])

        s3 = Article.objects.filter(id__exact=a3.id)

        self.assertQuerysetEqual((s1 | s2 | s3)[::2],

            ["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",

             "<Article: Third article>"])

        # Slicing works with longs.

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.all()[0L], a)

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[1L:3L],

            ["<Article: Second article>", "<Article: Third article>"])

        self.assertQuerysetEqual((s1 | s2 | s3)[::2L],

            ["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",

             "<Article: Third article>"])

        # And can be mixed with ints.

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[1:3L],

            ["<Article: Second article>", "<Article: Third article>"])

        # Slices (without step) are lazy:

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[0:5].filter(),

            ["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",

             "<Article: Second article>",

             "<Article: Third article>",

             "<Article: Article 6>",

             "<Article: Default headline>"])

        # Slicing again works:

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[0:5][0:2],

            ["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",

             "<Article: Second article>"])

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[0:5][:2],

            ["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",

             "<Article: Second article>"])

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[0:5][4:],

            ["<Article: Default headline>"])

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[0:5][5:], [])

        # Some more tests!

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[2:][0:2],

            ["<Article: Third article>", "<Article: Article 6>"])

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[2:][:2],

            ["<Article: Third article>", "<Article: Article 6>"])

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[2:][2:3],

            ["<Article: Default headline>"])

        # Using an offset without a limit is also possible.

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[5:],

            ["<Article: Fourth article>",

             "<Article: Article 7>",

             "<Article: Updated article 8>"])

        # Also, once you have sliced you can't filter, re-order or combine

        self.assertRaisesErrorWithMessage(

            AssertionError,

            "Cannot filter a query once a slice has been taken.",

            Article.objects.all()[0:5].filter,

            id=a.id,

        )

        self.assertRaisesErrorWithMessage(

            AssertionError,

            "Cannot reorder a query once a slice has been taken.",

            Article.objects.all()[0:5].order_by,

            'id',

        )

        try:

            Article.objects.all()[0:1] & Article.objects.all()[4:5]

            self.fail('Should raise an AssertionError')

        except AssertionError, e:

            self.assertEqual(str(e), "Cannot combine queries once a slice has been taken.")

        except Exception, e:

            self.fail('Should raise an AssertionError, not %s' % e)

        # Negative slices are not supported, due to database constraints.

        # (hint: inverting your ordering might do what you need).

        try:

            Article.objects.all()[-1]

            self.fail('Should raise an AssertionError')

        except AssertionError, e:

            self.assertEqual(str(e), "Negative indexing is not supported.")

        except Exception, e:

            self.fail('Should raise an AssertionError, not %s' % e)

        error = None

        try:

            Article.objects.all()[0:-5]

        except Exception, e:

            error = e

        self.assertTrue(isinstance(error, AssertionError))

        self.assertEqual(str(error), "Negative indexing is not supported.")

        # An Article instance doesn't have access to the "objects" attribute.

        # That's only available on the class.

        self.assertRaisesErrorWithMessage(

            AttributeError,

            "Manager isn't accessible via Article instances",

            getattr,

            a7,

            "objects",

        )

        # Bulk delete test: How many objects before and after the delete?

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(),

            ["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",

             "<Article: Second article>",

             "<Article: Third article>",

             "<Article: Article 6>",

             "<Article: Default headline>",

             "<Article: Fourth article>",

             "<Article: Article 7>",

             "<Article: Updated article 8>"])

        Article.objects.filter(id__lte=a4.id).delete()

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(),

            ["<Article: Article 6>",

             "<Article: Default headline>",

             "<Article: Article 7>",

             "<Article: Updated article 8>"])

    if settings.DATABASES[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS]['ENGINE'].startswith('django.db.backends.postgresql'):

        def test_microsecond_precision(self):

            # In PostgreSQL, microsecond-level precision is available.

            a9 = Article(

                headline='Article 9',

                pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45, 180),

            )

            a9.save()

            self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pk=a9.pk).pub_date,

                datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45, 180))

    if settings.DATABASES[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS]['ENGINE'] == 'django.db.backends.mysql':

        def test_microsecond_precision_not_supported(self):

            # In MySQL, microsecond-level precision isn't available. You'll lose

            # microsecond-level precision once the data is saved.

            a9 = Article(

                headline='Article 9',

                pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45, 180),

            )

            a9.save()

            self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(id__exact=a9.id).pub_date,

                datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45))

    def test_manually_specify_primary_key(self):

        # You can manually specify the primary key when creating a new object.

        a101 = Article(

            id=101,

            headline='Article 101',

            pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45),

        )

        a101.save()

        a101 = Article.objects.get(pk=101)

        self.assertEqual(a101.headline, u'Article 101')

    def test_create_method(self):

        # You can create saved objects in a single step

        a10 = Article.objects.create(

            headline="Article 10",

            pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45),

        )

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(headline="Article 10"), a10)

    def test_year_lookup_edge_case(self):

        # Edge-case test: A year lookup should retrieve all objects in

        # the given year, including Jan. 1 and Dec. 31.

        a11 = Article.objects.create(

            headline='Article 11',

            pub_date=datetime(2008, 1, 1),

        )

        a12 = Article.objects.create(

            headline='Article 12',

            pub_date=datetime(2008, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999999),

        )

        self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2008),

            ["<Article: Article 11>", "<Article: Article 12>"])

    def test_unicode_data(self):

        # Unicode data works, too.

        a = Article(

            headline=u'\u6797\u539f \u3081\u3050\u307f',

            pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 28),

        )

        a.save()

        self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pk=a.id).headline,

            u'\u6797\u539f \u3081\u3050\u307f')

    def test_hash_function(self):

        # Model instances have a hash function, so they can be used in sets

        # or as dictionary keys. Two models compare as equal if their primary

        # keys are equal.

        a10 = Article.objects.create(

            headline="Article 10",

            pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45),

        )

        a11 = Article.objects.create(

            headline='Article 11',

            pub_date=datetime(2008, 1, 1),

        )

        a12 = Article.objects.create(

            headline='Article 12',

            pub_date=datetime(2008, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999999),

        )

        s = set([a10, a11, a12])

        self.assertTrue(Article.objects.get(headline='Article 11') in s)

    def test_extra_method_select_argument_with_dashes_and_values(self):

        # The 'select' argument to extra() supports names with dashes in

        # them, as long as you use values().

        a10 = Article.objects.create(

            headline="Article 10",

            pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45),

        )

        a11 = Article.objects.create(

            headline='Article 11',

            pub_date=datetime(2008, 1, 1),

        )