+
−%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
−%Tutorial slides on Python.
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−%
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−% Author: Prabhu Ramachandran <prabhu at aero.iitb.ac.in>
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−% Copyright (c) 2005-2009, Prabhu Ramachandran
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−%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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−
+
−\documentclass[14pt,compress]{beamer}
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−%\documentclass[draft]{beamer}
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−%\documentclass[compress,handout]{beamer}
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−%\usepackage{pgfpages} 
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−%\pgfpagesuselayout{2 on 1}[a4paper,border shrink=5mm]
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−
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−% Modified from: generic-ornate-15min-45min.de.tex
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−\mode<presentation>
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−{
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−  \usetheme{Warsaw}
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−  \useoutertheme{infolines}
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−  \setbeamercovered{transparent}
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−}
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−
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−\usepackage[english]{babel}
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−\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
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−%\usepackage{times}
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−\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
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−
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−% Taken from Fernando's slides.
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−\usepackage{ae,aecompl}
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−\usepackage{mathpazo,courier,euler}
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−\usepackage[scaled=.95]{helvet}
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−
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−\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
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−
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−\usepackage{listings}
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−\lstset{language=Python,
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−    basicstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,
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−    commentstyle=\color{red}\itshape,
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−  stringstyle=\color{darkgreen},
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−  showstringspaces=false,
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−  keywordstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries}
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−
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−%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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−% Macros
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−\setbeamercolor{emphbar}{bg=blue!20, fg=black}
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−\newcommand{\emphbar}[1]
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−{\begin{beamercolorbox}[rounded=true]{emphbar} 
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−      {#1}
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− \end{beamercolorbox}
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−}
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−\newcounter{time}
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−\setcounter{time}{0}
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−\newcommand{\inctime}[1]{\addtocounter{time}{#1}{\tiny \thetime\ m}}
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−
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−\newcommand{\typ}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
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−
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−\newcommand{\kwrd}[1]{ \texttt{\textbf{\color{blue}{#1}}}  }
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−
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−%%% This is from Fernando's setup.
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−% \usepackage{color}
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−% \definecolor{orange}{cmyk}{0,0.4,0.8,0.2}
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−% % Use and configure listings package for nicely formatted code
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−% \usepackage{listings}
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−% \lstset{
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−%    language=Python,
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−%    basicstyle=\small\ttfamily,
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−%    commentstyle=\ttfamily\color{blue},
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−%    stringstyle=\ttfamily\color{orange},
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−%    showstringspaces=false,
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−%    breaklines=true,
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−%    postbreak = \space\dots
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−% }
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−
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−
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−%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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−% Title page
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−\title[Basic Python]{Python:\\A formal approach}
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−
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−\author[FOSSEE Team] {The FOSSEE Group}
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−
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−\institute[IIT Bombay] {Department of Aerospace Engineering\\IIT Bombay}
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−\date[] {1, November 2009\\Day 2, Session 1}
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−%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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−
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−%\pgfdeclareimage[height=0.75cm]{iitmlogo}{iitmlogo}
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−%\logo{\pgfuseimage{iitmlogo}}
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−
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−
+
−%% Delete this, if you do not want the table of contents to pop up at
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−%% the beginning of each subsection:
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−\AtBeginSubsection[]
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−{
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−  \begin{frame}<beamer>
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−    \frametitle{Outline}
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−    \tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection]
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−  \end{frame}
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−}
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−
+
−\AtBeginSection[]
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−{
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−  \begin{frame}<beamer>
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−    \frametitle{Outline}
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−    \tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection]
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−  \end{frame}
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−}
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−
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−% If you wish to uncover everything in a step-wise fashion, uncomment
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−% the following command: 
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−%\beamerdefaultoverlayspecification{<+->}
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−
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−%\includeonlyframes{current,current1,current2,current3,current4,current5,current6}
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−
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−%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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−% DOCUMENT STARTS
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−\begin{document}
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−
+
−\begin{frame}
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−  \titlepage
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−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\begin{frame}
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−  \frametitle{Outline}
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−  \tableofcontents
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−  % You might wish to add the option [pausesections]
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−\end{frame}
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−
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−\section{Data types}
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−
+
−\begin{frame}
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−  \frametitle{Primitive Data types}
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−  \begin{itemize}
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−    \item Numbers: float, int, complex
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−    \item Strings
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−    \item Boolean
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−  \end{itemize}
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−\end{frame}
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−
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−\subsection{Numbers}
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−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−  \frametitle{Numbers}
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−  \begin{itemize}
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−    \item \kwrd{int}\\ Any whole number is an \kwrd{int}, no matter what the size!
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: a = 13
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−
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−In [2]: b = 99999999999999999999
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−  \end{lstlisting}
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−    \item \kwrd{float}
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [3]: fl = 3.141592
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−  \end{lstlisting}
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−  \end{itemize}
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−\end{frame}
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−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−\frametitle{Complex numbers}
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: cplx = 3+4j
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−
+
−In [2]: abs(cplx)
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−Out[2]: 5.0
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−
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−In [3]: cplx.imag
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−Out[3]: 4.0
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−
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−In [4]: cplx.real
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−Out[4]: 3.0
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−  \end{lstlisting}
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−\end{frame}
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−
+
−\subsection{Boolean}
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−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−  \frametitle{Boolean}
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: t = True
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−
+
−In [2]: f = not t
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−Out[2]: False
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−
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−In [3]: f or t
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−Out[3]: True
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−
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−In [4]: f and t
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−Out[4]: False
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−  \end{lstlisting}
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−  \inctime{5}
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−\end{frame}
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−
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−\subsection{Strings}
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−
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−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−  \frametitle{Strings}
+
−Strings were introduced previously, let us now look at them in a little more detail.
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: w = "hello"
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−
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−In [2]: print w[0] + w[2] + w[-1]
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−Out[2]: hlo
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−
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−In [3]: len(w) # guess what
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−Out[3]: 5
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−  \end{lstlisting}
+
−\end{frame}
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−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−  \frametitle{Strings \ldots}
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: w[0] = 'H' # Can't do that!
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−--------------------------------------------
+
−TypeError  Traceback (most recent call last)
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−
+
−/<ipython console> in <module>()
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−
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−TypeError: 'str' object does not
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−         support item assignment
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−  \end{lstlisting}
+
−\end{frame}
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−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−  \frametitle{String methods}
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: a = 'Hello World'
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−In [2]: a.startswith('Hell')
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−Out[2]: True
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−
+
−In [3]: a.endswith('ld')
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−Out[3]: True
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−
+
−In [4]: a.upper()
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−Out[4]: 'HELLO WORLD'
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−
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−In [5]: a.lower()
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−Out[5]: 'hello world'
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−  \end{lstlisting}
+
−\end{frame}
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−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
+
−\frametitle{Still with strings}
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−  \begin{itemize}
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−    \item We saw split() yesterday
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−    \item join() is the opposite of split()
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−  \end{itemize}
+
−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: ''.join(['a', 'b', 'c'])
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−Out[1]: 'abc'
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−  \end{lstlisting}
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−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−\frametitle{String formatting}
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: x, y = 1, 1.234
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−
+
−In [2]: 'x is %s, y is %s' %(x, y)
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−Out[2]: 'x is 1, y is 1.234'
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−  \end{lstlisting}
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−  \emphbar{\url{http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html}}
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−  \inctime{10}
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−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\section{Operators}
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−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−  \frametitle{Arithematic operators}
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: 1786 % 12
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−Out[1]: 10
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−
+
−In [2]: 3124 * 126789
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−Out[2]: 396088836
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−
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−In [3]: a = 3124 * 126789
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−
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−In [4]: big = 1234567891234567890 ** 3
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−
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−In [5]: verybig = big * big * big * big
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−  \end{lstlisting}
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−\end{frame}
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−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−  \frametitle{Arithematic operators \ldots}
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: 17/2
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−Out[1]: 8
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−
+
−In [2]: 17/2.0
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−Out[2]: 8.5
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−
+
−In [3]: 17.0/2
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−Out[3]: 8.5
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−
+
−In [4]: 17.0/8.5
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−Out[4]: 2.0
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−  \end{lstlisting}
+
−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
+
−  \frametitle{String operations}
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: s = 'Hello '
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−
+
−In [2]: p = 'World'
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−
+
−In [3]: s + p 
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−Out[3]: 'Hello World'
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−
+
−In [4]: s * 12 
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−Out[4]: 'Hello Hello Hello Hello ...'
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−  \end{lstlisting}
+
−\end{frame}
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−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−  \frametitle{String operations \ldots}
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: s * s
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−--------------------------------------------
+
−TypeError  Traceback (most recent call last)
+
−
+
−/<ipython console> in <module>()
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−
+
−TypeError: can't multiply sequence by
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−                non-int of type 'str'
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−  \end{lstlisting}
+
−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−  \frametitle{Relational and logical operators}
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: pos, zer, neg = 1, 0, -1
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−In [2]: pos == neg
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−Out[2]: False
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−
+
−In [3]: pos >= neg
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−Out[3]: True
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−
+
−In [4]: neg < zer < pos
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−Out[4]: True
+
−
+
−In [5]: pos + neg != zer
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−Out[5]: False
+
−  \end{lstlisting}
+
−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
+
−  \frametitle{Built-ins}
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
+
−In [1]: int(17/2.0)
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−Out[1]: 8
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−
+
−In [2]: float(17/2)  # Recall
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−Out[2]: 8.0
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−
+
−In [3]: str(17/2.0)
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−Out[3]: '8.5'
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−
+
−In [4]: round( 7.5 )
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−Out[4]: 8.0
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−  \end{lstlisting}
+
−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
+
−  \frametitle{Odds and ends}
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−  \begin{itemize}
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−    \item Case sensitive
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−    \item Dynamically typed $\Rightarrow$ need not specify a type
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−      \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [1]: a = 1
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−In [2]: a = 1.1
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−In [3]: a = "Now I am a string!"
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−      \end{lstlisting}
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−    \item Comments:
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−      \begin{lstlisting}
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−In [4]: a = 1  # In-line comments
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−In [5]: # Comment in a line to itself.
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−In [6]: a = "# This is not a comment!"
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−      \end{lstlisting}
+
−  \end{itemize}
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−  \inctime{15}
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−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\section{Simple IO}
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−\begin{frame}{Simple IO}
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−  \begin{block}
+
−    {Console Input}
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−    \texttt{raw\_input()} waits for user input.\\Prompt string is optional.\\
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−    All keystrokes are Strings!\\\texttt{int()} converts string to int.
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−  \end{block}
+
−  \begin{block}
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−    {Console output}
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−    \texttt{print} is straight forward. Note the distinction between \texttt{print x} and \texttt{print x,}
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−  \end{block}
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−\end{frame}
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−
+
−\section{Control flow}
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−\begin{frame}
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−  \frametitle{Control flow constructs}  
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−  \begin{itemize}
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−  \item \kwrd{if/elif/else}: branching
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−  \item \kwrd{while}: looping
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−  \item \kwrd{for}: iterating 
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−  \item \kwrd{break, continue}: modify loop 
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−  \item \kwrd{pass}: syntactic filler
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−  \end{itemize}
+
−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\subsection{Basic Conditional flow}
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−\begin{frame}[fragile]
+
−  \frametitle{\typ{If...elif...else} example}
+
−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−x = int(raw_input("Enter an integer:"))
+
−if x < 0:
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−     print 'Be positive!'
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−elif x == 0:
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−     print 'Zero'
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−elif x == 1:
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−     print 'Single'
+
−else:
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−     print 'More'
+
−  \end{lstlisting}
+
−  \inctime{10}
+
−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\subsection{Basic Looping}
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
+
−  \frametitle{\typ{while}}
+
−Example: Fibonacci series
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
+
−# the sum of two elements
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−# defines the next
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−a, b = 0, 1
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−while b < 10:
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−    print b,
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−    a, b = b, a + b 
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−\end{lstlisting}
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−\typ{1 1 2 3 5 8}\\  
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−\end{frame}
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−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−\frametitle{\typ{range()}}
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−\kwrd{range([start,] stop[, step])}\\
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−\begin{itemize}
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−  \item \alert {range() returns a list of integers}
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−  \item \alert {The start and the step arguments are optional}  
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−\end{itemize}
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−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
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−  \frametitle{\typ{for} \ldots \typ{range()}}
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−Example: print squares of first \typ{n} numbers
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−In []: for i in range(5):
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− ....:     print i, i * i
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− ....:     
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− ....:     
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−0 0
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−1 1
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−2 4
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−3 9
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−4 16
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−\end{lstlisting}
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−\inctime{5}
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−\end{frame}
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−
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−\subsection{Exercises}
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−\begin{frame}
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−  \frametitle{Problem set 1}
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−  \begin{itemize}
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−    \item All the problems can be\\
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−      solved using \kwrd{if} and \kwrd{while} 
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−  \end{itemize}
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−\end{frame}
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−
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−\begin{frame}{Problem 1.1}
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−  Write a program that displays all three digit numbers that are equal to the sum of the cubes of their digits. That is, print numbers $abc$ that have the property $abc = a^3 + b^3 + c^3$\\
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−\vspace*{0.2in}
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−\emphbar{These are called $Armstrong$ numbers.}
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−\end{frame}
+
−  
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−\begin{frame}{Problem 1.2 - Collatz sequence}
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−\begin{enumerate}
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−  \item Start with an arbitrary (positive) integer. 
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−  \item If the number is even, divide by 2; if the number is odd, multiply by 3 and add 1.
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−  \item Repeat the procedure with the new number.
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−  \item It appears that for all starting values there is a cycle of 4, 2, 1 at which the procedure loops.
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−\end{enumerate}
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−    Write a program that accepts the starting value and prints out the Collatz sequence.
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−\end{frame}
+
−
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−\begin{frame}[fragile]{Problem 1.3}
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−  Write a program that prints the following pyramid on the screen. 
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−  \begin{lstlisting}
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−1
+
−2  2
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−3  3  3
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−4  4  4  4
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−  \end{lstlisting}
+
−The number of lines must be obtained from the user as input.\\
+
−\pause
+
−\emphbar{When can your code fail?}
+
−\only<2->{\inctime{10}}
+
−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\begin{frame}[fragile]
+
−  \frametitle{What did we learn?}
+
−  \begin{itemize}
+
−    \item Basic data types
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−    \item Arithematic, logical and relational operations
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−    \item Conditional structures
+
−    \item Loops
+
−  \end{itemize}
+
−\end{frame}
+
−
+
−\end{document}