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%Tutorial slides on Python.

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% Author: The FOSSEE Group

% Copyright (c) 2009, The FOSSEE Group, IIT Bombay

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% Taken from Fernando's slides.

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% Title page

\title[Basic Python]{Python:Basic Overview\\}

\author[FOSEE Team] {The FOSSEE Group}

\institute[IIT Bombay] {Department of Aerospace Engineering\\IIT Bombay}

\date[] {31, October 2009\\Day 1, Session 2}

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    \frametitle{Outline}

    \tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection]

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    \frametitle{Outline}

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% DOCUMENT STARTS

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}

  \titlepage

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}

  \frametitle{Outline}

  \tableofcontents

  % You might wish to add the option [pausesections]

\end{frame}

\section{Functions}

\begin{frame}{Functions: Definition}

\begin{itemize}

  \item \kwrd{def} keyword

\end{itemize}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Functions: Example 1}

  \begin{lstlisting}

In [1]: def plot_sinx():

   ....:     x = linspace(0, 2*pi, 100)

   ....:     plt.plot(x, sin(x))

   ....:     plt.show()

   ....:    

In [2]: plot_sinx()

  \end{lstlisting}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Functions: Example 2}

  \begin{lstlisting}

In [3]: def f(x):

   ....:     return sin(x*x*x)+(3*x*x)

In [4]: x = linspace(0,2*pi, 1000)

In [5]: plt.plot(x, f(x))

  \end{lstlisting}

  \inctime{10}

\end{frame}

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% TIME: 10 m, running 

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\section{Creating and running scripts}

\begin{frame}

  {Creating python files}

  \begin{itemize}

    \item aka scripts

    \item use your editor

    \item extension \typ{.py}

    \item run with \texttt{python hello.py} at the command line

    \item in IPython using \kwrd{\%run}

  \end{itemize}

\inctime{5}

\end{frame}

\section{Files Handling}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

  \frametitle{Basic File Operations}

Opening and Reading files

\begin{lstlisting}

In [6]: f = open('/path/to/file_name')

In [7]: data = f.read() # Read entire file.

In [8]: line = f.readline() # Read one line.

In [9]: f.close() # close the file.

\end{lstlisting}

Writing files

\begin{lstlisting}

In [10]: f = open('/path/to/file_name', 'w')

In [11]: f.write('hello world\n')

In [12]: f.close()

\end{lstlisting}

\begin{itemize}

    \item Everything read or written is a string

\end{itemize}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

    \frametitle{File and \kwrd{for}}

\begin{lstlisting}

In [13]: f = open('dummyfile')

In [14]: for line in f:

    ...:     print line

    ...:  

\end{lstlisting}

\inctime{10}

\end{frame}

\section{Strings}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

  \frametitle{Strings}

  \begin{lstlisting}

s = 'this is a string'

s = 'This one has "quotes" inside!'

s = "I have 'single-quotes' inside!"

l = "A string spanning many lines\

one more line\

yet another"

t = """A triple quoted string does

not need to be escaped at the end and 

"can have nested quotes" etc."""

  \end{lstlisting}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]\frametitle{Strings and \typ{split()}}

  \begin{lstlisting}

In [15]: a = 'hello world'

In [16]: a.split()

Out[17]: ['hello', 'world']

  \end{lstlisting}

Now try this:

  \begin{lstlisting}

In [18]: b = 'KD, Madhu, Punchagan, Shantanu, Vattam'

In [19]: b.split(',')

Out[20]: ['KD', ' Madhu', ' Punchagan', ' Shantanu', ' Vattam']

  \end{lstlisting}

\inctime{5}

\end{frame}

\section{Plotting points}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{How to plot points?}

We saw how to plot graphs, lets now look at how to plot points.\\

\begin{lstlisting}

In [21]: plt.plot(x, sin(x), 'ro')

Out[22]: [<matplotlib.lines.Line2D object at 0xac17e0c>]

\end{lstlisting}

\begin{itemize}

  \item \kwrd{'r'},\kwrd{'g'},\kwrd{'b'} for red, green and blue

  \item \kwrd{'o'} - Dots

  \item \kwrd{'-'} - Lines

  \item \kwrd{'- -'} - Dashed lines

\end{itemize}

\inctime{5}

\end{frame}

\section{Lists}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

  \frametitle{List creation and indexing}

\begin{lstlisting}

In [23]: lst = [] #Empty list

In [24]: lst = [1,2,3,4] #More useful list

In [25]: len(lst)

Out[26]: 4

In [27]: lst[0]+lst[1]+lst[-1]

Out[27]: 7

\end{lstlisting}

\begin{itemize}

  \item Indices start with ?

  \item Negative indices indicate ?

  \end{itemize}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

  \frametitle{List: slices}

  \begin{itemize}

  \item Slicing is a basic operation

  \item \typ{list[initial:final:step]}

  \item  The step is optional

  \end{itemize}

\begin{lstlisting}

In [28]: lst[1:3]  # A slice.

Out[28]: [2, 3]

In [29]: lst[1:-1]

Out[29]: [2, 3]

In [30]: lst[1:] == lst[1:-1]

Out[30]: False

\end{lstlisting}

Explain last result

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

  \frametitle{List: more slices}

\begin{lstlisting}

In [31]: lst[0:-1:2] # Notice the step!

Out[31]: [1, 3]

In [31]: lst[::2]

Out[31]: [1, 3]

In [32]: lst[-1::-1]

\end{lstlisting}

What do you think the last one will do?

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

  \frametitle{List methods}

\begin{lstlisting}

In [33]: lst.append(5)

In [34]: lst

Out[34]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

In [35]: lst.append([6,7])

In [36]: lst

Out[36]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, [6, 7]]

In [37]: lst.extend([8,9])

In [38]: lst

Out[38]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, [6, 7], 8, 9]

\end{lstlisting}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

  \frametitle{List containership}

  \begin{lstlisting}

In [39]: animals = ['cat', 'dog', 'rat', 'croc']

In [40]: 'dog' in animals

Out[40]: True

In [41]: 'snake' in animals

Out[41]: False

  \end{lstlisting}

  \inctime{10}

\end{frame}

\section{Modules and import}

\begin{frame}{Modules and \typ{import}}

  \begin{itemize}

    \item \kwrd{import} x

    \item \kwrd{from} x \kwrd{import} y

  \end{itemize}

Whats the difference??

\inctime{5}

\end{frame}

\end{document}