latex: Changes to slides and handout before and after class.
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\title{\LaTeX}
\author[FOSSEE] {FOSSEE}
\institute[IIT Bombay] {Department of Aerospace Engineering\\IIT
Bombay}
\date{}
%% Delete this, if you do not want the table of contents to pop up at
%% the beginning of each subsection:
\AtBeginSubsection[]
{
\begin{frame}<beamer>
\frametitle{Outline}
\tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection]
\end{frame}
}
\AtBeginSection[]
{
\begin{frame}<beamer>
\frametitle{Outline}
\tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection]
\end{frame}
}
\begin{document}
% Document title
\begin{frame}
\maketitle
\end{frame}
\section{Introduction}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{{\LaTeX} - Introduction}
\begin{itemize}
\item Typesetting program
\begin{itemize}
\item What is typesetting?
\end{itemize}
\item Excellently Typeset Documents - specially Math
\item Anything from one page articles to huge books
\item Pronounced \emph{Lah-tech} or \emph{Lay-tech}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Why \LaTeX?}
\begin{itemize}
\item Excellent visual quality!
\item Handles the typesetting; Lets you focus on content
\item Makes writing math extremely simple
\item It is a standard -- widely used in Scientific community
\end{itemize}
\begin{block}{}
\[\tilde{N}_{\mathbf{x}}\times \mathbf{r}(\mathbf{x}) f_{1k}(\mathbf{x},t) - \frac{1}{2} \tilde{N} \tilde{N}:\mathbf{BB}^{T}P(\mathbf{x},t) = -m_{k}f_{1k}(\mathbf{x},t) + 2 \mathop{\mathbf{\aa}}_{j=1}^{K} f_{1j}(\mathbf{x},t)m_{j}P_{k|j} \]
\end{block}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Course Outline}
\begin{itemize}
\item Look at Sample document - \typ{sample.pdf}
\begin{itemize}
\item Title, Author, Date
\item Abstract
\item Sections \& Subsections
\item Appendix
\item References/Bibliography
\item Tables
\item Figures
\item Math
\end{itemize}
\item The document will be produced by the end of the course.
\item First Hour - Basic Structure
\item Second Hour - Text, Tables, Figures, References
\item Third Hour - Math, Bibliography, Presentations
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]{{\LaTeX}{is awesome}
\begin{itemize}
\item {\LaTeX} is a document based mark-up
\item Mark-up --- a system of annotating text, adding extra
information to specify structure and presentation of text
\item Document based markup $\rightarrow$ you don't have to worry
about each element individually
\item Allows you to focus on content, rather than appearance.
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Typesetting a minimal document}
\begin{itemize}
\item Write the sample code code into the file \typ{draft.tex}\\
{\tiny See \typ{hg} rev0 of draft}
\item To compile, (in terminal) \\
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
$ pdflatex draft.tex
\end{lstlisting} %%$
\item This produces the output file \typ{draft.pdf}
\item \alert{Note:} \typ{latex} vs. \typ{pdflatex}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Commands \& Environments}
\begin{itemize}
\item {\LaTeX} is case sensitive
\item Commands begin with a \typ{\\}
\item Environments have a \typ{\\begin} and \typ{\\end}
\item Any content after the \typ{\\end\{document\}} is ignored
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\newline \\
\newpage
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Comments \& Special Characters}
\begin{itemize}
\item Anything that follows a \typ{\%} symbol till end of the line
is a comment
\item Special characters (\typ{\~ \# \$ \^ \& \_ \{ \}}) are escaped by a
\typ{\\}
\item \typ{\\} symbol is inserted using \typ{\\textbackslash}
command
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Spacing}
\begin{itemize}
\item \typ{\\\\} inserts a new line in the output
\item An empty line marks the beginning of a new paragraph
\item Multiple spaces (or empty lines) are equivalent to a single
space (or empty line)
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\section{Adding Structure}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{\typ{documentclass}}
\begin{itemize}
\item Used to select the \emph{class} of our document
\item Some available classes - \typ{article}, \typ{proc},
\typ{report}, \typ{book}, \typ{slides}, \typ{letter}.
\item For example:
\typ{\\documentclass\[12pt,a4paper,draft\]\{report\}}\\
The parameters within \typ{\[ \]} are optional.
\begin{itemize}
\item \typ{12pt} -- sets the font size of main font and others are
relatively, adjusted. \typ{10pt} is the default.
\item \typ{a4paper} -- specify paper size
\item \typ{draft} -- marks hyphenation and justification problems in
typesetting with a square in the margin
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Top Matter}
Let's add the title, author's name and the date.
\begin{itemize}
\item Add title, author and date.
\item Compile.
\item Nothing changes.
\end{itemize}
{\tiny See \typ{hg} rev1 of draft.}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Top Matter \ldots}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline{\maketitle} command inserts the top-matter.
\item Add the command to the document \& compile again.
\item If no date is specified, today's date is automatically
inserted.
\end{itemize}
\tiny{See \typ{hg} rev2 of draft.}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Abstract}
\begin{itemize}
\item \typ{\\abstract} environment inserts abstract.
\item Place it at the location where you want your abstract.
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev3 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Sectioning}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline{\section}, \lstinline{\subsection}
\lstinline{\subsubsection}
\item Auto numbered sections!
\item \typ{*} to prevent numbering of a section
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev4 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Sectioning \ldots}
\begin{itemize}
\item Longer documents, use \lstinline{report} or \lstinline{book}
class
\item Chapter can be added using \lstinline{\chapter}
\end{itemize}
\begin{lstlisting}
\documentclass{report}
\chapter{One}
\end{lstlisting}
\begin{itemize}
\item subsections do not get numbering
\item Change \lstinline{secnumdepth}
\end{itemize}
\begin{lstlisting}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
\end{lstlisting}
\tiny See rev5 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Appendices}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline{\appendix} command indicates the beginning of
Appendices.
\item Any content after \lstinline{\appendix}, will be added to the
appendix
\item Use sectioning commands to add sections
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev7 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Table of Contents [TOC]}
\begin{itemize}
\item Our document is short, but let's learn to add a TOC.
\item Add \lstinline{\tableofcontents} where you want TOC to
appear.
\item Compile.
\item Only headings appear. No page numbers.
\item A \lstinline{.toc} file is generated.
\item Re-compile.
\item Any numbered section/block automatically appears
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev8 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{TOC \ldots}
\begin{itemize}
\item Un-numbered sections are added to TOC using
\lstinline{\addcontentsline}
\item For instance, \lstinline+\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Intro}+
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev9 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Bibliography}
We shall look at Bibliographies, later in the course.
\end{frame}
\section{Typesetting Text}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Quotation Marks}
\begin{itemize}
\item Use \`~ (accent) for left quote
\item Use \'~ (apostrophe) for right quote
\item For double quotes, use them twice
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev11 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Fonts - Emphasis, Fixed width, \ldots}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline{\emph} gives emphasized or italic text
\item \typ{flushleft} to have text left aligned
\item \typ{flushright}, \typ{center}
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev12 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Fonts - Emphasis, Fixed width, \ldots}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline{\texttt} gives fixed width font
\item \lstinline{\textbf} bold face font
\item \lstinline{--} en dash (--); \lstinline{---} em dash (---).
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev13 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Lists}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline{enumerate} environment is used for numbered lists
\item \lstinline{itemize} environment gives un-numbered lists
\item Each item in the list is specified using \lstinline{\item}
\item Nested lists are also easily handled, as expected
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev14 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Footnotes}
\begin{itemize}
\item \typ{\\footnote} command adds a footnote
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev15 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Labels and References}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline+\label{labelname}+ is used to label an element
\item \lstinline+\ref{labelname}+ is used to refer to that element
\item Compile twice
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev15 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Including code}
\begin{itemize}
\item Instead of using \lstinline{\texttt} we could use
\lstinline{\verbatim}
\item \lstinline+\lstinline{listings}+ is a powerful package
\item \lstinline+\usepackage{listings}+ needs to be added
\item Tell {\LaTeX} the language to be used, using \typ{\\lstset}
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev16 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Including code}
\begin{itemize}
\item Use \lstinline+\lstlisting+ for a block of code
\item \typ{\\lstinline} for inline code
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev16 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\section{Figures, Tables \& Floats}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Figures}
\begin{itemize}
\item The \typ{graphicx} package allows us to insert graphics
\item \lstinline+\usepackage{graphicx}+
\item To add a graphic, use \lstinline{\includegraphics} command
\item Use relative path to the image
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev17 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{\lstinline{includgraphics}}
It takes following optional arguments
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline+scale+ --- specifies the factor by which to scale
the image
\item \lstinline+height+, \lstinline+width+ --- If only one of them
is specified, aspect ratio is maintained
\item \lstinline+keepaspectratio+ --- boolean value to keep aspect
ratio or not
\item \lstinline+angle+ --- specify by what angle the image should
be rotated
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Floats}
\begin{itemize}
\item Graphics (\& Tables) are special because they cannot be broken
across pages
\item They are ``floated'' to the next page, if they don't fit in
the current page
\item Enclose graphic within \lstinline+figure+ environment to make
it float
\item Figure environment takes additional parameter for location of
float
\end{itemize}
\begin{table}
\caption{Permission Specifiers}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
Specifier & Permission\\\hline
t & Top of page\\
b & Bottom of page\\
p & Separate page for floats\\
h & here (the same place where command appears in source)\\
! & override \LaTeX's internal parameters for good position
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Captions and References}
\begin{itemize}
\item Figure environment allows us add a caption
\item To place the image in the center we enclose it in the
\lstinline+center+ environment
\item We can label images too
\item label should be added after the caption command
\item Figures are auto numbered
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev17 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[frame]
\frametitle{Tables}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline+tabular+ is used to typeset a table
\item It is enclosed in a \lstinline+table+ environment to make it a
float
\item \lstinline+table+ environment also gives captions, auto
numbering
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{\lstinline+tabular+}
\begin{itemize}
\item tabular takes formatting of each column as argument
\end{itemize}
\begin{table}
\caption{tabular environment}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}
\lstinline+l+ & left justified column content\\\hline
\lstinline+r+ & right justified column content\\\hline
\lstinline+c+ & centered column content\\\hline
\lstinline+|+ & produces a vertical line\\
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\begin{itemize}
\item also takes an optional parameter for specifying position of
table
\item \lstinline+t+ for top, \lstinline+b+ for bottom, \lstinline+c+
for center
\item each column of table is separated by \&
\item each row is separated by newline \lstinline{\\}
\item \lstinline+\hline+ give a horizontal line between two rows
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev18 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{List of Tables, Figures}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline+\listoftables+ -- to add a list of tables
\item \lstinline+\listoffigures+ -- to add a list of figures
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\section{Typesetting Math}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Math in \LaTeX}
\begin{itemize}
\item Math is enclosed in a pair of \lstinline{$} signs of %%$
\lstinline+\( \)+
\item Used for typesetting inline Math.
\item \lstinline+\usepackage{amsmath}+
\item Let's now move on to matrices.
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Matrices}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline+\bmatrix+ is used to typeset the matrix A
\item It works similar to ta tabular environment
\item \lstinline+&+ for demarcating columns
\item \lstinline+\\+ for demwarcating rows
\item Other matrix environments
\begin{table}
\center
\begin{tabular}{c|c}
\lstinline+matrix+ & none\\
\lstinline+pmatrix+ & \lstinline+(+\\
\lstinline+Bmatrix+ & \lstinline+{+\\
\lstinline+vmatrix+ & \lstinline+|+\\
\lstinline+Vmatrix+ & \lstinline+||+
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev19 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Superscripts \& Subscripts}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline+^+ for superscripts
\item \lstinline+_+ for subscripts
\item Enclose multiple characters in \lstinline+{ }+
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Summation \& integration}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline+\sum+ command gives the summation symbol
\item The upper and lower limits are specified using the
\lstinline+^+ and \lstinline+_+ symbols.
\item Similarly the integral symbol is obtained using
\lstinline+\int+ command.
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{\lstinline+displayed+ math}
\begin{itemize}
\item Display equations are the other type of displaying math
\item \LaTeX~ or \lstinline+amsmath+ has a number of environments
for ``displaying'' equations, with minor differences.
\item In general, enclose math in \lstinline+\[+ and \lstinline+\]+
to get displayed math.
\item \lstinline+\begin{equation*}+ is equivalent to this.
\item Use \lstinline+\begin{equation}+ to get numbered
equations. %%\end{equation}
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev20 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Groups of equations}
\begin{itemize}
\item The \lstinline+equation+ environment allows typesetting of
just 1 equation.
\item \lstinline+eqnarray+ allows typesetting of multiple equations
\item It is similar to the \lstinline+table+ environment
\item The parts of the equation that need to be aligned are
indicated using \& symbol.
\item Each equation is separated by a \lstinline+\newline+ command
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev21, 22 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Fractions \& Surds}
\begin{itemize}
\item Fractions are typeset using \lstinline+\frac+ command
\item \lstinline+\frac{numerator}{denominator}+ is typeset as
$\frac{numerator}{denominator}$
\item Surds are typeset using \lstinline+\sqrt[n]+ command
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Greek characters \& Spacing}
\begin{itemize}
\item Typesetting Greek characters is simple
\item \lstinline+\alpha+, \lstinline+\beta+, \lstinline+\gamma+,
\ldots \lstinline+\Alpha+, \lstinline+\Beta+, \lstinline+\Gamma+
\ldots
\item To get additional spacing in Math environments ---
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}
\hline
Abbrev. & Spelled out & Example \\
\hline
\lstinline+\,+ & \lstinline+\thinspace+ & $A\,B$ \\
\hline
\lstinline+\:+ & \lstinline+\medspace+ & $A\:B$ \\
\hline
\lstinline+\;+ & \lstinline+\thickspace+ & $A\;B$ \\
\hline
& \lstinline+\quad+ & $A \quad B$ \\
\hline
& \lstinline+\qquad+ & $A \qquad B$ \\
\hline
\lstinline+\!+ & \lstinline+\negthinspace+ & $A!B$ \\
\hline
& \lstinline+\negmedspace+ & $A \negmedspace B$ \\
\hline
& \lstinline+\negthickspace+ & $A \negthickspace B$ \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\section{Bibliography}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Bibliography}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline+thebibliography+ environment provides a clean and
simple way to add a bibliography to \LaTeX documents.
\item \lstinline+\begin{thebibliography}+ takes as argument the
maximum with of the label that references will have.
\item Each item of the Bibliography is similar to an item in a
list.
\item \lstinline+\bibitem[label]{name}+ followed by the actual
reference info.
\item label replaces auto enumeration numbers
\item \lstinline+\cite{name}+ is used to \lstinline+cite+ the
\lstinline+bibitem+
\item You will need to compile twice.
\end{itemize}
\tiny See rev23 of \typ{hg}
\end{frame}
\section{Presentations - Beamer}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Beamer}
\begin{itemize}
\item Use beamer since your report's \LaTeX~ would be re-usable.
\item It is recommended to start with on of the beamer templates.
\item Let's look at speaker introduction template.
\item \lstinline+\documentclass{beamer}+ tells \LaTeX~ to start a
beamer presentation.
\item A beamer document is very similar to any other \LaTeX~
document except that content is divided into slides.
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Beamer \ldots}
\begin{itemize}
\item \lstinline+\usetheme+ command is used to specify the theme of the
presentation.
\item \lstinline+\usecolortheme+ command is used to specify the color
theme.
\item The content of a slide is enclosed within
\lstinline+\begin{frame}{Title}{Subtitle}+ and
\lstinline+\end{frame}+
\item If the slide contains \lstinline+verbatim+
\lstinline+lstlisting+ environments, the \lstinline+\begin{frame}+
should be passed an additional argument \lstinline+[fragile]+
\item Overlays can be achieved using the \lstinline+\pause+
command.
\item To achieve more with beamer, it is highly recommended that you
look at the \texttt{beameruserguide}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{}
\begin{center}
\Huge{Thank You!}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\end{document}