sets/script.rst
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Checklist OK for `The other kinds of plots`
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.. Objectives
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.. ----------
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.. By the end of this tutorial, you will be able to 
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.. * Create sets from lists
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.. * Perform union, intersection and symmetric difference operations
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.. * Check if a set is a subset of other
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.. * understand various similarities with lists like length and containership
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.. Prerequisites
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.. -------------
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..   1. Getting started with lists
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.. Author              : Nishanth Amuluru
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   Internal Reviewer   : 
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   External Reviewer   :
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   Checklist OK?       : <put date stamp here, if OK> [2010-10-05]
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Script
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------
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{{{ Show the slide containing title }}}
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Hello friends and welcome to the tutorial on Sets
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{{{ Show the slide containing the outline slide }}}
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In this tutorial, we shall learn
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 * sets 
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 * operations on sets
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Sets are data structures which contain unique elements. In other words,
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duplicates are not allowed in sets.
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Lets look at how to input sets.
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type
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::
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    a_list = [1, 2, 1, 4, 5, 6, 2]
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    a = set(a_list)
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    a
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We can see that duplicates are removed and the set contains only unique
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elements. 
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::
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    f10 = set([1, 2, 3, 5, 8])
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    p10 = set([2, 3, 5, 7])
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f10 is the set of fibonacci numbers from 1 to 10.
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p10 is the set of prime numbers from 1 to 10.
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Various operations that we do on sets are possible here also.
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The | (pipe) character stands for union
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::
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    f10 | p10
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gives us the union of f10 and p10
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The & character stands for intersection.
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    f10 & p10
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gives the intersection
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similarly,
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::
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    f10 - p10
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gives all the elements that are in f10 but not in p10
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::
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    f10 ^ p10
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is all the elements in f10 union p10 but not in f10 intersection p10. In
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mathematical terms, it gives the symmectric difference.
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Sets also support checking of subsets.
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::
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    b = set([1, 2])
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    b < f10
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gives a ``True`` since b is a proper subset of f10.
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Similarly,
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::
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    f10 < f10
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gives a ``False`` since f10 is not a proper subset.
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hence the right way to do would be
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::
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    f10 <= f10
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and we get a ``True`` since every set is a subset of itself.
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Sets can be iterated upon just like lists and tuples. 
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::
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    for i in f10:
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        print i,
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prints the elements of f10.
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The length and containership check on sets is similar as in lists and tuples.
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::
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    len(f10)
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shows 5. And
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::
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    1 in f10
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    2 in f10
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prints ``True`` and ``False`` respectively
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The order in which elements are organised in a set is not to be relied upon 
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since sets do not support indexing. Hence, slicing and striding are not valid
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on sets.
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{{{ Pause here and try out the following exercises }}}
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%% 1 %% Given a list of marks, marks = [20, 23, 22, 23, 20, 21, 23] 
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        list all the duplicates
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{{{ continue from paused state }}}
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Duplicates marks are the marks left out when we remove each element of the 
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list exactly one time.
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::
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    marks = [20, 23, 22, 23, 20, 21, 23] 
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    marks_set = set(marks)
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    for mark in marks_set:
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        marks.remove(mark)
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    # we are now left with only duplicates in the list marks
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    duplicates = set(marks)
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{{{ Show summary slide }}}
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This brings us to the end of the tutorial.
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we have learnt
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 * How to make sets from lists
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 * How to input sets
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 * How to perform union, intersection and symmetric difference operations
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 * How to check if a set is a subset of other
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 * The various similarities with lists like length and containership
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{{{ Show the "sponsored by FOSSEE" slide }}}
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This tutorial was created as a part of FOSSEE project, NME ICT, MHRD India
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Hope you have enjoyed and found it useful.
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Thank you!
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