author | amit |
Thu, 28 Oct 2010 15:14:40 +0530 | |
changeset 372 | 8e05616c4102 |
parent 250 | 4d8ef03627b5 |
child 384 | 525ae0d74e47 |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
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.. Objectives |
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.. ---------- |
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.. At the end of this tutorial, you will be able to |
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.. + Read data from files, containing a single column of data using the |
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.. ``loadtxt`` command. |
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.. + Read multiple columns of data, separated by spaces or other |
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.. delimiters. |
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.. Prerequisites |
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.. ------------- |
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.. 1. getting started with ``ipython`` |
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.. Author : |
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Internal Reviewer : |
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External Reviewer : |
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Checklist OK? : <put date stamp here, if OK> [2010-10-05] |
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Script |
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------ |
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25 |
{{{ Show the slide containing title }}} |
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Hello Friends. Welcome to this tutorial on loading data from files. |
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|
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{{{ Screen shows welcome slide }}} |
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We often require to plot points obtained from experimental |
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observations. In this tutorial we shall learn to read data from files |
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and save it into sequences that can later be used to plot. |
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|
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{{{ Show the outline for this tutorial }}} |
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We shall use the ``loadtxt`` command to load data from files. We will |
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be looking at how to read a file with multiple columns of data and |
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load each column of data into a sequence. |
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|
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{{{ switch back to the terminal }}} |
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|
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As usual, let us start IPython, using |
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:: |
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|
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ipython -pylab |
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Now, Let us begin with reading the file primes.txt, which contains |
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just a list of primes listed in a column, using the loadtxt command. |
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The file, in our case, is present in ``/home/fossee/primes.txt``. |
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|
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{{{ Navigate to the path in the OS, open the file and show it }}} |
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.. #[punch: do we need a slide for showing the path?] |
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.. We use the ``cat`` command to see the contents of this file. |
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.. #[punch: should we show the cat command here? seems like a good place |
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to do it] :: |
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cat /home/fossee/primes.txt |
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|
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.. #[Nishanth]: A problem for windows users. |
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Should we simply open the file and show them the data |
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so that we can be fine with GNU/Linux ;) and windows? |
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Now let us read this list into the variable ``primes``. |
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:: |
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primes = loadtxt('/home/fossee/primes.txt') |
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``primes`` is now a sequence of primes, that was listed in the file, |
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``primes.txt``. |
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We now type, ``print primes`` to see the sequence printed. |
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We observe that all of the numbers end with a period. This is so, |
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because these numbers are actually read as ``floats``. We shall learn |
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about them, later. |
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|
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Now, let us use the ``loadtxt`` command to read a file that contains |
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two columns of data, ``pendulum.txt``. This file contains the length |
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of the pendulum in the first column and the corresponding time period |
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in the second. Note that ``loadtxt`` needs both the columns to have |
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equal number of rows. |
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.. Following is an exercise that you must do. |
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.. %%1%% Use the ``cat`` command to view the contents of this file. |
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.. Please, pause the video here. Do the exercise and then continue. |
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.. This is how we look at the contents of the file, ``pendulum.txt`` |
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.. :: |
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.. cat /home/fossee/pendulum.txt |
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.. #[Nishanth]: The first column is L values and second is T values |
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from a simle pelculum experiment. |
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Since you are using the variable names later in the |
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script. |
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Not necessary but can be included also. |
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|
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Let us, now, read the data into the variable ``pend``. Again, it is |
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assumed that the file is in ``/home/fossee/`` |
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:: |
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pend = loadtxt('/home/fossee/pendulum.txt') |
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Let us now print the variable ``pend`` and see what's in it. |
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:: |
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print pend |
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Notice that ``pend`` is not a simple sequence like ``primes``. It has |
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two sequences, containing both the columns of the data file. Let us |
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use an additional argument of the ``loadtxt`` command, to read it into |
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two separate, simple sequences. |
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:: |
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L, T = loadtxt('/home/fossee/pendulum.txt', unpack=True) |
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.. #[Nishanth]: It has a sequence of items in which each item contains |
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two values. first is l and second is t |
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|
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Let us now, print the variables L and T, to see what they contain. |
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:: |
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|
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print L |
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print T |
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|
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.. #[Nishanth]: Stress on ``unpack=True`` ?? |
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|
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Notice, that L and T now contain the first and second columns of data |
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from the data file, ``pendulum.txt``, and they are both simple |
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sequences. ``unpack=True`` has given us the two columns in to two |
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separate sequences instead of one complex sequence. |
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|
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{{{ show the slide with loadtxt --- other features }}} |
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|
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In this tutorial, we have learnt the basic use of the ``loadtxt`` |
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command, which is capable of doing a lot more than we have used it for |
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until now. Let us look at an example, but before that do this |
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exercise. |
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%%1%% Read the file ``pendulum_semicolon.txt`` which contains the same |
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data as ``pendulum.txt``, but the columns are separated by semi-colons |
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instead of spaces. Use the IPython help to see how to do this. |
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Please, pause the video here. Do the exercise and then continue. |
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|
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{{{ switch back to the terminal }}} |
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:: |
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|
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L, T = loadtxt('/home/fossee/pendulum_semicolon.txt', unpack=True, delimiter=';') |
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|
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print L |
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158 |
|
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print T |
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|
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This brings us to the end of this tutorial. |
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|
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{{{ show the summary slide }}} |
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You should now be able to do the following, comfortably. |
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|
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+ Read data from files, containing a single column of data using the |
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168 |
``loadtxt`` command. |
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+ Read multiple columns of data, separated by spaces or other |
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delimiters. |
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|
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{{{ Show the "sponsored by FOSSEE" slide }}} |
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This tutorial was created as a part of FOSSEE project, NME ICT, MHRD India |
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Hope you have enjoyed and found it useful. |
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Thank you! |
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