author | Sverre Rabbelier <srabbelier@gmail.com> |
Sat, 14 Mar 2009 16:09:13 +0000 | |
changeset 1852 | ea2e23e5b7a1 |
parent 109 | 620f9b141567 |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
109
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1 |
Wiki Example |
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============ |
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:author: Ian Bicking <ianb@colorstudy.com> |
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.. contents:: |
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Introduction |
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------------ |
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This is an example of how to write a WSGI application using WebOb. |
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WebOb isn't itself intended to write applications -- it is not a web |
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framework on its own -- but it is *possible* to write applications |
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using just WebOb. |
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The `file serving example <file-example.html>`_ is a better example of |
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advanced HTTP usage. The `comment middleware example |
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<comment-example.html>`_ is a better example of using middleware. |
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This example provides some completeness by showing an |
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application-focused end point. |
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This example implements a very simple wiki. |
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Code |
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---- |
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The finished code for this is available in |
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`docs/wiki-example-code/example.py |
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<http://svn.pythonpaste.org/Paste/WebOb/trunk/docs/wiki-example-code/example.py>`_ |
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-- you can run that file as a script to try it out. |
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Creating an Application |
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----------------------- |
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A common pattern for creating small WSGI applications is to have a |
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class which is instantiated with the configuration. For our |
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application we'll be storing the pages under a directory. |
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.. code-block:: |
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class WikiApp(object): |
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def __init__(self, storage_dir): |
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self.storage_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.normpath(storage_dir)) |
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WSGI applications are callables like ``wsgi_app(environ, |
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start_response)``. *Instances* of `WikiApp` are WSGI applications, so |
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we'll implement a ``__call__`` method: |
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.. code-block:: |
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class WikiApp(object): |
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... |
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def __call__(self, environ, start_response): |
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# what we'll fill in |
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To make the script runnable we'll create a simple command-line |
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interface: |
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.. code-block:: |
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if __name__ == '__main__': |
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import optparse |
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parser = optparse.OptionParser( |
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usage='%prog --port=PORT' |
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) |
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parser.add_option( |
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'-p', '--port', |
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default='8080', |
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dest='port', |
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type='int', |
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help='Port to serve on (default 8080)') |
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parser.add_option( |
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'--wiki-data', |
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default='./wiki', |
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dest='wiki_data', |
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help='Place to put wiki data into (default ./wiki/)') |
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options, args = parser.parse_args() |
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print 'Writing wiki pages to %s' % options.wiki_data |
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app = WikiApp(options.wiki_data) |
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from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server |
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httpd = make_server('localhost', options.port, app) |
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print 'Serving on http://localhost:%s' % options.port |
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try: |
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httpd.serve_forever() |
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except KeyboardInterrupt: |
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print '^C' |
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88 |
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89 |
There's not much to talk about in this code block. The application is |
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90 |
instantiated and served with the built-in module |
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91 |
`wsgiref.simple_server |
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<http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-wsgiref.simple_server.html>`_. |
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The WSGI Application |
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95 |
-------------------- |
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Of course all the interesting stuff is in that ``__call__`` method. |
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WebOb lets you ignore some of the details of WSGI, like what |
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``start_response`` really is. ``environ`` is a CGI-like dictionary, |
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but ``webob.Request`` gives an object interface to it. |
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``webob.Response`` represents a response, and is itself a WSGI |
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102 |
application. Here's kind of the hello world of WSGI applications |
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103 |
using these objects: |
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.. code-block:: |
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106 |
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107 |
from webob import Request, Response |
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class WikiApp(object): |
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... |
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def __call__(self, environ, start_response): |
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req = Request(environ) |
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114 |
resp = Response( |
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115 |
'Hello %s!' % req.params.get('name', 'World')) |
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return resp(environ, start_response) |
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117 |
|
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118 |
``req.params.get('name', 'World')`` gets any query string parameter |
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119 |
(like ``?name=Bob``), or if it's a POST form request it will look for |
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120 |
a form parameter ``name``. We instantiate the response with the body |
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121 |
of the response. You could also give keyword arguments like |
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``content_type='text/plain'`` (``text/html`` is the default content |
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123 |
type and ``200 OK`` is the default status). |
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124 |
|
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125 |
For the wiki application we'll support a couple different kinds of |
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126 |
screens, and we'll make our ``__call__`` method dispatch to different |
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127 |
methods depending on the request. We'll support an ``action`` |
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128 |
parameter like ``?action=edit``, and also dispatch on the method (GET, |
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129 |
POST, etc, in ``req.method``). We'll pass in the request and expect a |
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130 |
response object back. |
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131 |
|
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132 |
Also, WebOb has a series of exceptions in ``webob.exc``, like |
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133 |
``webob.exc.HTTPNotFound``, ``webob.exc.HTTPTemporaryRedirect``, etc. |
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134 |
We'll also let the method raise one of these exceptions and turn it |
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135 |
into a response. |
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136 |
|
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137 |
One last thing we'll do in our ``__call__`` method is create our |
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138 |
``Page`` object, which represents a wiki page. |
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139 |
|
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140 |
All this together makes: |
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141 |
|
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142 |
.. code-block:: |
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143 |
|
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144 |
from webob import Request, Response |
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145 |
from webob import exc |
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146 |
|
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147 |
class WikiApp(object): |
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148 |
... |
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149 |
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150 |
def __call__(self, environ, start_response): |
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151 |
req = Request(environ) |
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152 |
action = req.params.get('action', 'view') |
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153 |
# Here's where we get the Page domain object: |
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154 |
page = self.get_page(req.path_info) |
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155 |
try: |
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156 |
try: |
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157 |
# The method name is action_{action_param}_{request_method}: |
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158 |
meth = getattr(self, 'action_%s_%s' % (action, req.method)) |
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159 |
except AttributeError: |
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160 |
# If the method wasn't found there must be |
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161 |
# something wrong with the request: |
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162 |
raise exc.HTTPBadRequest('No such action %r' % action).exception |
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163 |
resp = meth(req, page) |
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164 |
except exc.HTTPException, e: |
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165 |
# The exception object itself is a WSGI application/response: |
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166 |
resp = e |
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167 |
return resp(environ, start_response) |
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168 |
|
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169 |
The Domain Object |
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170 |
----------------- |
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171 |
|
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172 |
The ``Page`` domain object isn't really related to the web, but it is |
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173 |
important to implementing this. Each ``Page`` is just a file on the |
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174 |
filesystem. Our ``get_page`` method figures out the filename given |
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175 |
the path (the path is in ``req.path_info``, which is all the path |
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176 |
after the base path). The ``Page`` class handles getting and setting |
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177 |
the title and content. |
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178 |
|
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179 |
Here's the method to figure out the filename: |
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180 |
|
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181 |
.. code-block:: |
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182 |
|
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183 |
import os |
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184 |
|
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185 |
class WikiApp(object): |
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186 |
... |
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187 |
|
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188 |
def get_page(self, path): |
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189 |
path = path.lstrip('/') |
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190 |
if not path: |
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191 |
# The path was '/', the home page |
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192 |
path = 'index' |
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193 |
path = os.path.join(self.storage_dir) |
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194 |
path = os.path.normpath(path) |
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195 |
if path.endswith('/'): |
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196 |
path += 'index' |
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197 |
if not path.startswith(self.storage_dir): |
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198 |
raise exc.HTTPBadRequest("Bad path").exception |
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199 |
path += '.html' |
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200 |
return Page(path) |
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201 |
|
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202 |
Mostly this is just the kind of careful path construction you have to |
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203 |
do when mapping a URL to a filename. While the server *may* normalize |
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204 |
the path (so that a path like ``/../../`` can't be requested), you can |
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205 |
never really be sure. By using ``os.path.normpath`` we eliminate |
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206 |
these, and then we make absolutely sure that the resulting path is |
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207 |
under our ``self.storage_dir`` with ``if not |
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208 |
path.startswith(self.storage_dir): raise exc.HTTPBadRequest("Bad |
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209 |
path").exception``. |
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210 |
|
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211 |
.. note:: |
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212 |
|
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213 |
``exc.HTTPBadRequest("Bad path")`` is a ``webob.Response`` object. |
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214 |
This is a new-style class, so you can't raise it in Python 2.4 or |
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215 |
under (only old-style classes work). The attribute ``.exception`` |
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216 |
can actually be raised. The exception object is *also* a WSGI |
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217 |
application, though it doesn't have attributes like |
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218 |
``.content_type``, etc. |
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219 |
|
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220 |
Here's the actual domain object: |
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221 |
|
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222 |
.. code-block:: |
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223 |
|
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224 |
class Page(object): |
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225 |
def __init__(self, filename): |
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226 |
self.filename = filename |
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227 |
|
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228 |
@property |
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def exists(self): |
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return os.path.exists(self.filename) |
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231 |
|
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232 |
@property |
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def title(self): |
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if not self.exists: |
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235 |
# we need to guess the title |
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basename = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(self.filename))[0] |
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basename = re.sub(r'[_-]', ' ', basename) |
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return basename.capitalize() |
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content = self.full_content |
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match = re.search(r'<title>(.*?)</title>', content, re.I|re.S) |
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return match.group(1) |
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242 |
|
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243 |
@property |
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def full_content(self): |
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f = open(self.filename, 'rb') |
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try: |
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return f.read() |
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248 |
finally: |
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f.close() |
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250 |
|
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251 |
@property |
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def content(self): |
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if not self.exists: |
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return '' |
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content = self.full_content |
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match = re.search(r'<body[^>]*>(.*?)</body>', content, re.I|re.S) |
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return match.group(1) |
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258 |
|
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259 |
@property |
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def mtime(self): |
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if not self.exists: |
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return None |
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263 |
else: |
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return os.stat(self.filename).st_mtime |
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265 |
|
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def set(self, title, content): |
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dir = os.path.dirname(self.filename) |
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268 |
if not os.path.exists(dir): |
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269 |
os.makedirs(dir) |
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new_content = """<html><head><title>%s</title></head><body>%s</body></html>""" % ( |
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271 |
title, content) |
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f = open(self.filename, 'wb') |
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f.write(new_content) |
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274 |
f.close() |
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275 |
|
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276 |
Basically it provides a ``.title`` attribute, a ``.content`` |
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277 |
attribute, the ``.mtime`` (last modified time), and the page can exist |
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278 |
or not (giving appropriate guesses for title and content when the page |
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279 |
does not exist). It encodes these on the filesystem as a simple HTML |
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280 |
page that is parsed by some regular expressions. |
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281 |
|
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282 |
None of this really applies much to the web or WebOb, so I'll leave it |
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283 |
to you to figure out the details of this. |
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284 |
|
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285 |
URLs, PATH_INFO, and SCRIPT_NAME |
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286 |
-------------------------------- |
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287 |
|
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288 |
This is an aside for the tutorial, but an important concept. In WSGI, |
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289 |
and accordingly with WebOb, the URL is split up into several pieces. |
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290 |
Some of these are obvious and some not. |
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291 |
|
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292 |
An example:: |
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293 |
|
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294 |
http://example.com:8080/wiki/article/12?version=10 |
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295 |
|
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|
296 |
There are several components here: |
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297 |
|
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298 |
* req.scheme: ``http`` |
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299 |
* req.host: ``example.com:8080`` |
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300 |
* req.server_name: ``example.com`` |
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301 |
* req.server_port: 8080 |
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302 |
* req.script_name: ``/wiki`` |
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303 |
* req.path_info: ``/article/12`` |
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|
304 |
* req.query_string: ``version=10`` |
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|
305 |
|
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|
306 |
One non-obvious part is ``req.script_name`` and ``req.path_info``. |
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307 |
These correspond to the CGI environmental variables ``SCRIPT_NAME`` |
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|
308 |
and ``PATH_INFO``. ``req.script_name`` points to the *application*. |
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|
309 |
You might have several applications in your site at different paths: |
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310 |
one at ``/wiki``, one at ``/blog``, one at ``/``. Each application |
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|
311 |
doesn't necessarily know about the others, but it has to construct its |
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|
312 |
URLs properly -- so any internal links to the wiki application should |
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|
313 |
start with ``/wiki``. |
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|
314 |
|
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|
315 |
Just as there are pieces to the URL, there are several properties in |
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|
316 |
WebOb to construct URLs based on these: |
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|
317 |
|
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|
318 |
* req.host_url: ``http://example.com:8080`` |
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|
319 |
* req.application_url: ``http://example.com:8080/wiki`` |
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320 |
* req.path_url: ``http://example.com:8080/wiki/article/12`` |
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|
321 |
* req.path: ``/wiki/article/12`` |
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|
322 |
* req.path_qs: ``/wiki/article/12?version=10`` |
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|
323 |
* req.url: ``http://example.com:8080/wiki/article/12?version10`` |
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|
324 |
|
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|
325 |
You can also create URLs with |
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|
326 |
``req.relative_url('some/other/page')``. In this example that would |
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|
327 |
resolve to ``http://example.com:8080/wiki/article/some/other/page``. |
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|
328 |
You can also create a relative URL to the application URL |
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|
329 |
(SCRIPT_NAME) like ``req.relative_url('some/other/page', True)`` which |
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|
330 |
would be ``http://example.com:8080/wiki/some/other/page``. |
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|
331 |
|
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|
332 |
Back to the Application |
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|
333 |
----------------------- |
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|
334 |
|
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|
335 |
We have a dispatching function with ``__call__`` and we have a domain |
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|
336 |
object with ``Page``, but we aren't actually doing anything. |
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|
337 |
|
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|
338 |
The dispatching goes to ``action_ACTION_METHOD``, where ACTION |
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|
339 |
defaults to ``view``. So a simple page view will be |
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|
340 |
``action_view_GET``. Let's implement that: |
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|
341 |
|
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|
342 |
.. code-block:: |
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|
343 |
|
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|
344 |
class WikiApp(object): |
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|
345 |
... |
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|
346 |
|
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|
347 |
def action_view_GET(self, req, page): |
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348 |
if not page.exists: |
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|
349 |
return exc.HTTPTemporaryRedirect( |
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|
350 |
location=req.url + '?action=edit') |
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|
351 |
text = self.view_template.substitute( |
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|
352 |
page=page, req=req) |
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|
353 |
resp = Response(text) |
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|
354 |
resp.last_modified = page.mtime |
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|
355 |
resp.conditional_response = True |
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|
356 |
return resp |
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|
357 |
|
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|
358 |
The first thing we do is redirect the user to the edit screen if the |
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|
359 |
page doesn't exist. ``exc.HTTPTemporaryRedirect`` is a response that |
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|
360 |
gives a ``307 Temporary Redirect`` response with the given location. |
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|
361 |
|
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|
362 |
Otherwise we fill in a template. The template language we're going to |
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|
363 |
use in this example is `Tempita <http://pythonpaste.org/tempita/>`_, a |
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|
364 |
very simple template language with a similar interface to |
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|
365 |
`string.Template <>`_. |
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|
366 |
|
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|
367 |
The template actually looks like this: |
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|
368 |
|
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|
369 |
.. code-block:: |
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|
370 |
|
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|
371 |
from tempita import HTMLTemplate |
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|
372 |
|
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|
373 |
VIEW_TEMPLATE = HTMLTemplate("""\ |
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|
374 |
<html> |
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|
375 |
<head> |
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376 |
<title>{{page.title}}</title> |
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|
377 |
</head> |
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|
378 |
<body> |
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|
379 |
<h1>{{page.title}}</h1> |
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|
380 |
|
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|
381 |
<div>{{page.content|html}}</div> |
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|
382 |
|
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|
383 |
<hr> |
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|
384 |
<a href="{{req.url}}?action=edit">Edit</a> |
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|
385 |
</body> |
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|
386 |
</html> |
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|
387 |
""") |
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|
388 |
|
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|
389 |
class WikiApp(object): |
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|
390 |
view_template = VIEW_TEMPLATE |
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|
391 |
... |
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|
392 |
|
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|
393 |
As you can see it's a simple template using the title and the body, |
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parents:
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|
394 |
and a link to the edit screen. We copy the template object into a |
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parents:
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|
395 |
class method (``view_template = VIEW_TEMPLATE``) so that potentially a |
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|
396 |
subclass could override these templates. |
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parents:
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|
397 |
|
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|
398 |
``tempita.HTMLTemplate`` is a template that does automatic HTML |
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parents:
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|
399 |
escaping. Our wiki will just be written in plain HTML, so we disable |
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parents:
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|
400 |
escaping of the content with ``{{page.content|html}}``. |
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parents:
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|
401 |
|
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parents:
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changeset
|
402 |
So let's look at the ``action_view_GET`` method again: |
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parents:
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|
403 |
|
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parents:
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changeset
|
404 |
.. code-block:: |
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parents:
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changeset
|
405 |
|
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parents:
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changeset
|
406 |
def action_view_GET(self, req, page): |
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parents:
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changeset
|
407 |
if not page.exists: |
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parents:
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changeset
|
408 |
return exc.HTTPTemporaryRedirect( |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
409 |
location=req.url + '?action=edit') |
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parents:
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changeset
|
410 |
text = self.view_template.substitute( |
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parents:
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|
411 |
page=page, req=req) |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
412 |
resp = Response(text) |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
413 |
resp.last_modified = page.mtime |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
414 |
resp.conditional_response = True |
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parents:
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|
415 |
return resp |
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parents:
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changeset
|
416 |
|
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parents:
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changeset
|
417 |
The template should be pretty obvious now. We create a response with |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
418 |
``Response(text)``, which already has a default Content-Type of |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
419 |
``text/html``. |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
420 |
|
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
421 |
To allow conditional responses we set ``resp.last_modified``. You can |
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parents:
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changeset
|
422 |
set this attribute to a date, None (effectively removing the header), |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
423 |
a time tuple (like produced by ``time.localtime()``), or as in this |
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parents:
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changeset
|
424 |
case to an integer timestamp. If you get the value back it will |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
425 |
always be a `datetime <>`_ object (or None). With this header we can |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
426 |
process requests with If-Modified-Since headers, and return ``304 Not |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
427 |
Modified`` if appropriate. It won't actually do that unless you set |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
428 |
``resp.conditional_response`` to True. |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
429 |
|
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
430 |
.. note:: |
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parents:
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changeset
|
431 |
|
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
432 |
If you subclass ``webob.Response`` you can set the class attribute |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
433 |
``default_conditional_response = True`` and this setting will be |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
434 |
on by default. You can also set other defaults, like the |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
435 |
``default_charset`` (``"utf8"``), or ``default_content_type`` |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
436 |
(``"text/html"``). |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
437 |
|
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
438 |
The Edit Screen |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
439 |
--------------- |
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
440 |
|
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
441 |
The edit screen will be implemented in the method |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
442 |
``action_edit_GET``. There's a template and a very simple method: |
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
443 |
|
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
444 |
.. code-block:: |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
445 |
|
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
446 |
EDIT_TEMPLATE = HTMLTemplate("""\ |
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parents:
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changeset
|
447 |
<html> |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
448 |
<head> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
449 |
<title>Edit: {{page.title}}</title> |
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parents:
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changeset
|
450 |
</head> |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
451 |
<body> |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
452 |
{{if page.exists}} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
453 |
<h1>Edit: {{page.title}}</h1> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
454 |
{{else}} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
455 |
<h1>Create: {{page.title}}</h1> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
456 |
{{endif}} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
457 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
458 |
<form action="{{req.path_url}}" method="POST"> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
459 |
<input type="hidden" name="mtime" value="{{page.mtime}}"> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
460 |
Title: <input type="text" name="title" style="width: 70%" value="{{page.title}}"><br> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
461 |
Content: <input type="submit" value="Save"> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
462 |
<a href="{{req.path_url}}">Cancel</a> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
463 |
<br> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
464 |
<textarea name="content" style="width: 100%; height: 75%" rows="40">{{page.content}}</textarea> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
465 |
<br> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
466 |
<input type="submit" value="Save"> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
467 |
<a href="{{req.path_url}}">Cancel</a> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
468 |
</form> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
469 |
</body></html> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
470 |
""") |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
471 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
472 |
class WikiApp(object): |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
473 |
... |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
474 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
475 |
edit_template = EDIT_TEMPLATE |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
476 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
477 |
def action_edit_GET(self, req, page): |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
478 |
text = self.edit_template.substitute( |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
479 |
page=page, req=req) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
480 |
return Response(text) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
481 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
482 |
As you can see, all the action here is in the template. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
483 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
484 |
In ``<form action="{{req.path_url}}" method="POST">`` we submit to |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
485 |
``req.path_url``; that's everything *but* ``?action=edit``. So we are |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
486 |
POSTing right over the view page. This has the nice side effect of |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
487 |
automatically invalidating any caches of the original page. It also |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
488 |
is vaguely `RESTful <>`_. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
489 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
490 |
We save the last modified time in a hidden ``mtime`` field. This way |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
491 |
we can detect concurrent updates. If start editing the page who's |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
492 |
mtime is 100000, and someone else edits and saves a revision changing |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
493 |
the mtime to 100010, we can use this hidden field to detect that |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
494 |
conflict. Actually resolving the conflict is a little tricky and |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
495 |
outside the scope of this particular tutorial, we'll just note the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
496 |
conflict to the user in an error. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
497 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
498 |
From there we just have a very straight-forward HTML form. Note that |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
499 |
we don't quote the values because that is done automatically by |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
500 |
``HTMLTemplate``; if you are using something like ``string.Template`` |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
501 |
or a templating language that doesn't do automatic quoting, you have |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
502 |
to be careful to quote all the field values. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
503 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
504 |
We don't have any error conditions in our application, but if there |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
505 |
were error conditions we might have to re-display this form with the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
506 |
input values the user already gave. In that case we'd do something |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
507 |
like:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
508 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
509 |
<input type="text" name="title" |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
510 |
value="{{req.params.get('title', page.title)}}"> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
511 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
512 |
This way we use the value in the request (``req.params`` is both the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
513 |
query string parameters and any variables in a POST response), but if |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
514 |
there is no value (e.g., first request) then we use the page values. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
515 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
516 |
Processing the Form |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
517 |
------------------- |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
518 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
519 |
The form submits to ``action_view_POST`` (``view`` is the default |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
520 |
action). So we have to implement that method: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
521 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
522 |
.. code-block:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
523 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
524 |
class WikiApp(object): |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
525 |
... |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
526 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
527 |
def action_view_POST(self, req, page): |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
528 |
submit_mtime = int(req.params.get('mtime') or '0') or None |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
529 |
if page.mtime != submit_mtime: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
530 |
return exc.HTTPPreconditionFailed( |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
531 |
"The page has been updated since you started editing it") |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
532 |
page.set( |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
533 |
title=req.params['title'], |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
534 |
content=req.params['content']) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
535 |
resp = exc.HTTPSeeOther( |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
536 |
location=req.path_url) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
537 |
return resp |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
538 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
539 |
The first thing we do is check the mtime value. It can be an empty |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
540 |
string (when there's no mtime, like when you are creating a page) or |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
541 |
an integer. ``int(req.params.get('time') or '0') or None`` basically |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
542 |
makes sure we don't pass ``""`` to ``int()`` (which is an error) then |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
543 |
turns 0 into None (``0 or None`` will evaluate to None in Python -- |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
544 |
``false_value or other_value`` in Python resolves to ``other_value``). |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
545 |
If it fails we just give a not-very-helpful error message, using ``412 |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
546 |
Precondition Failed`` (typically preconditions are HTTP headers like |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
547 |
``If-Unmodified-Since``, but we can't really get the browser to send |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
548 |
requests like that, so we use the hidden field instead). |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
549 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
550 |
.. note:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
551 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
552 |
Error statuses in HTTP are often under-used because people think |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
553 |
they need to either return an error (useful for machines) or an |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
554 |
error message or interface (useful for humans). In fact you can |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
555 |
do both: you can give any human readable error message with your |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
556 |
error response. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
557 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
558 |
One problem is that Internet Explorer will replace error messages |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
559 |
with its own incredibly unhelpful error messages. However, it |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
560 |
will only do this if the error message is short. If it's fairly |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
561 |
large (4Kb is large enough) it will show the error message it was |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
562 |
given. You can load your error with a big HTML comment to |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
563 |
accomplish this, like ``"<!-- %s -->" % ('x'*4000)``. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
564 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
565 |
You can change the status of any response with ``resp.status_int = |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
566 |
412``, or you can change the body of an ``exc.HTTPSomething`` with |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
567 |
``resp.body = new_body``. The primary advantage of using the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
568 |
classes in ``webob.exc`` is giving the response a clear name and a |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
569 |
boilerplate error message. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
570 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
571 |
After we check the mtime we get the form parameters from |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
572 |
``req.params`` and issue a redirect back to the original view page. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
573 |
``303 See Other`` is a good response to give after accepting a POST |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
574 |
form submission, as it gets rid of the POST (no warning messages for the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
575 |
user if they try to go back). |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
576 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
577 |
In this example we've used ``req.params`` for all the form values. If |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
578 |
we wanted to be specific about where we get the values from, they |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
579 |
could come from ``req.GET`` (the query string, a misnomer since the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
580 |
query string is present even in POST requests) or ``req.POST`` (a POST |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
581 |
form body). While sometimes it's nice to distinguish between these |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
582 |
two locations, for the most part it doesn't matter. If you want to |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
583 |
check the request method (e.g., make sure you can't change a page with |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
584 |
a GET request) there's no reason to do it by accessing these |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
585 |
method-specific getters. It's better to just handle the method |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
586 |
specifically. We do it here by including the request method in our |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
587 |
dispatcher (dispatching to ``action_view_GET`` or |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
588 |
``action_view_POST``). |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
589 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
590 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
591 |
Cookies |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
592 |
------- |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
593 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
594 |
One last little improvement we can do is show the user a message when |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
595 |
they update the page, so it's not quite so mysteriously just another |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
596 |
page view. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
597 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
598 |
A simple way to do this is to set a cookie after the save, then |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
599 |
display it in the page view. To set it on save, we add a little to |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
600 |
``action_view_POST``: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
601 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
602 |
.. code-block:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
603 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
604 |
def action_view_POST(self, req, page): |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
605 |
... |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
606 |
resp = exc.HTTPSeeOther( |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
607 |
location=req.path_url) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
608 |
resp.set_cookie('message', 'Page updated') |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
609 |
return resp |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
610 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
611 |
And then in ``action_view_GET``: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
612 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
613 |
.. code-block:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
614 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
615 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
616 |
VIEW_TEMPLATE = HTMLTemplate("""\ |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
617 |
... |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
618 |
{{if message}} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
619 |
<div style="background-color: #99f">{{message}}</div> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
620 |
{{endif}} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
621 |
...""") |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
622 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
623 |
class WikiApp(object): |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
624 |
... |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
625 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
626 |
def action_view_GET(self, req, page): |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
627 |
... |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
628 |
if req.cookies.get('message'): |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
629 |
message = req.cookies['message'] |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
630 |
else: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
631 |
message = None |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
632 |
text = self.view_template.substitute( |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
633 |
page=page, req=req, message=message) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
634 |
resp = Response(text) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
635 |
if message: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
636 |
resp.delete_cookie('message') |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
637 |
else: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
638 |
resp.last_modified = page.mtime |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
639 |
resp.conditional_response = True |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
640 |
return resp |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
641 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
642 |
``req.cookies`` is just a dictionary, and we also delete the cookie if |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
643 |
it is present (so the message doesn't keep getting set). The |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
644 |
conditional response stuff only applies when there isn't any |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
645 |
message, as messages are private. Another alternative would be to |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
646 |
display the message with Javascript, like:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
647 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
648 |
<script type="text/javascript"> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
649 |
function readCookie(name) { |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
650 |
var nameEQ = name + "="; |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
651 |
var ca = document.cookie.split(';'); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
652 |
for (var i=0; i < ca.length; i++) { |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
653 |
var c = ca[i]; |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
654 |
while (c.charAt(0) == ' ') c = c.substring(1,c.length); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
655 |
if (c.indexOf(nameEQ) == 0) return c.substring(nameEQ.length,c.length); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
656 |
} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
657 |
return null; |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
658 |
} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
659 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
660 |
function createCookie(name, value, days) { |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
661 |
if (days) { |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
662 |
var date = new Date(); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
663 |
date.setTime(date.getTime()+(days*24*60*60*1000)); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
664 |
var expires = "; expires="+date.toGMTString(); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
665 |
} else { |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
666 |
var expires = ""; |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
667 |
} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
668 |
document.cookie = name+"="+value+expires+"; path=/"; |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
669 |
} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
670 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
671 |
function eraseCookie(name) { |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
672 |
createCookie(name, "", -1); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
673 |
} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
674 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
675 |
function showMessage() { |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
676 |
var message = readCookie('message'); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
677 |
if (message) { |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
678 |
var el = document.getElementById('message'); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
679 |
el.innerHTML = message; |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
680 |
el.style.display = ''; |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
681 |
eraseCookie('message'); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
682 |
} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
683 |
} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
684 |
</script> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
685 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
686 |
Then put ``<div id="messaage" style="display: none"></div>`` in the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
687 |
page somewhere. This has the advantage of being very cacheable and |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
688 |
simple on the server side. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
689 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
690 |
Conclusion |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
691 |
---------- |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
692 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
693 |
We're done, hurrah! |