author | Lennard de Rijk <ljvderijk@gmail.com> |
Tue, 07 Apr 2009 22:22:43 +0000 | |
changeset 2126 | df06ceda7dcc |
parent 109 | 620f9b141567 |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
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==================== |
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Internationalization |
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==================== |
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Django has full support for internationalization of text in code and templates. |
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Here's how it works. |
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Overview |
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======== |
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The goal of internationalization is to allow a single Web application to offer |
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its content and functionality in multiple languages. |
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You, the Django developer, can accomplish this goal by adding a minimal amount |
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of hooks to your Python code and templates. These hooks are called |
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**translation strings**. They tell Django: "This text should be translated into |
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the end user's language, if a translation for this text is available in that |
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language." |
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Django takes care of using these hooks to translate Web apps, on the fly, |
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according to users' language preferences. |
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Essentially, Django does two things: |
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* It lets developers and template authors specify which parts of their apps |
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should be translatable. |
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* It uses these hooks to translate Web apps for particular users according |
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to their language preferences. |
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How to internationalize your app: in three steps |
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------------------------------------------------ |
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1. Embed translation strings in your Python code and templates. |
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2. Get translations for those strings, in whichever languages you want to |
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support. |
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3. Activate the locale middleware in your Django settings. |
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.. admonition:: Behind the scenes |
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Django's translation machinery uses the standard ``gettext`` module that |
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comes with Python. |
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If you don't need internationalization |
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====================================== |
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Django's internationalization hooks are on by default, and that means there's a |
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bit of i18n-related overhead in certain places of the framework. If you don't |
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use internationalization, you should take the two seconds to set |
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``USE_I18N = False`` in your settings file. If ``USE_I18N`` is set to |
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``False``, then Django will make some optimizations so as not to load the |
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internationalization machinery. See the `documentation for USE_I18N`_. |
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You'll probably also want to remove ``'django.core.context_processors.i18n'`` |
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from your ``TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS`` setting. |
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.. _documentation for USE_I18N: ../settings/#use-i18n |
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How to specify translation strings |
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================================== |
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Translation strings specify "This text should be translated." These strings can |
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appear in your Python code and templates. It's your responsibility to mark |
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translatable strings; the system can only translate strings it knows about. |
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In Python code |
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-------------- |
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Standard translation |
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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Specify a translation string by using the function ``_()``. (Yes, the name of |
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the function is the "underscore" character.) This function is available |
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globally in any Python module; you don't have to import it. |
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In this example, the text ``"Welcome to my site."`` is marked as a translation |
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string:: |
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def my_view(request): |
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output = _("Welcome to my site.") |
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return HttpResponse(output) |
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The function ``django.utils.translation.gettext()`` is identical to ``_()``. |
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This example is identical to the previous one:: |
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from django.utils.translation import gettext |
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def my_view(request): |
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output = gettext("Welcome to my site.") |
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return HttpResponse(output) |
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Translation works on computed values. This example is identical to the previous |
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two:: |
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def my_view(request): |
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words = ['Welcome', 'to', 'my', 'site.'] |
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output = _(' '.join(words)) |
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return HttpResponse(output) |
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Translation works on variables. Again, here's an identical example:: |
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def my_view(request): |
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sentence = 'Welcome to my site.' |
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output = _(sentence) |
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return HttpResponse(output) |
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(The caveat with using variables or computed values, as in the previous two |
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examples, is that Django's translation-string-detecting utility, |
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``make-messages.py``, won't be able to find these strings. More on |
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``make-messages`` later.) |
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The strings you pass to ``_()`` or ``gettext()`` can take placeholders, |
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specified with Python's standard named-string interpolation syntax. Example:: |
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def my_view(request, n): |
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output = _('%(name)s is my name.') % {'name': n} |
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115 |
return HttpResponse(output) |
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116 |
|
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117 |
This technique lets language-specific translations reorder the placeholder |
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text. For example, an English translation may be ``"Adrian is my name."``, |
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119 |
while a Spanish translation may be ``"Me llamo Adrian."`` -- with the |
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placeholder (the name) placed after the translated text instead of before it. |
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121 |
|
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For this reason, you should use named-string interpolation (e.g., ``%(name)s``) |
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123 |
instead of positional interpolation (e.g., ``%s`` or ``%d``). If you used |
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124 |
positional interpolation, translations wouldn't be able to reorder placeholder |
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125 |
text. |
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126 |
|
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127 |
Marking strings as no-op |
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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129 |
|
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Use the function ``django.utils.translation.gettext_noop()`` to mark a string |
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131 |
as a translation string without translating it. The string is later translated |
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from a variable. |
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133 |
|
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Use this if you have constant strings that should be stored in the source |
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language because they are exchanged over systems or users -- such as strings in |
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a database -- but should be translated at the last possible point in time, such |
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as when the string is presented to the user. |
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138 |
|
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139 |
Lazy translation |
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140 |
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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141 |
|
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Use the function ``django.utils.translation.gettext_lazy()`` to translate |
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strings lazily -- when the value is accessed rather than when the |
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``gettext_lazy()`` function is called. |
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145 |
|
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146 |
For example, to translate a model's ``help_text``, do the following:: |
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147 |
|
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148 |
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy |
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149 |
|
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class MyThing(models.Model): |
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151 |
name = models.CharField(help_text=gettext_lazy('This is the help text')) |
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152 |
|
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153 |
In this example, ``gettext_lazy()`` stores a lazy reference to the string -- |
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not the actual translation. The translation itself will be done when the string |
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is used in a string context, such as template rendering on the Django admin site. |
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156 |
|
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157 |
If you don't like the verbose name ``gettext_lazy``, you can just alias it as |
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158 |
``_`` (underscore), like so:: |
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159 |
|
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160 |
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _ |
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161 |
|
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162 |
class MyThing(models.Model): |
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163 |
name = models.CharField(help_text=_('This is the help text')) |
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164 |
|
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165 |
Always use lazy translations in `Django models`_. And it's a good idea to add |
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166 |
translations for the field names and table names, too. This means writing |
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167 |
explicit ``verbose_name`` and ``verbose_name_plural`` options in the ``Meta`` |
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168 |
class, though:: |
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169 |
|
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170 |
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _ |
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171 |
|
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172 |
class MyThing(models.Model): |
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173 |
name = models.CharField(_('name'), help_text=_('This is the help text')) |
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174 |
class Meta: |
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verbose_name = _('my thing') |
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176 |
verbose_name_plural = _('mythings') |
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177 |
|
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178 |
.. _Django models: ../model_api/ |
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179 |
|
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180 |
Pluralization |
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181 |
~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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182 |
|
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183 |
Use the function ``django.utils.translation.ngettext()`` to specify pluralized |
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184 |
messages. Example:: |
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185 |
|
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186 |
from django.utils.translation import ngettext |
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187 |
def hello_world(request, count): |
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188 |
page = ngettext('there is %(count)d object', 'there are %(count)d objects', count) % { |
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189 |
'count': count, |
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190 |
} |
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191 |
return HttpResponse(page) |
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192 |
|
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193 |
``ngettext`` takes three arguments: the singular translation string, the plural |
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194 |
translation string and the number of objects (which is passed to the |
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195 |
translation languages as the ``count`` variable). |
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196 |
|
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197 |
In template code |
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198 |
---------------- |
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199 |
|
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200 |
Using translations in `Django templates`_ uses two template tags and a slightly |
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201 |
different syntax than in Python code. To give your template access to these |
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202 |
tags, put ``{% load i18n %}`` toward the top of your template. |
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203 |
|
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204 |
The ``{% trans %}`` template tag translates a constant string or a variable |
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205 |
content:: |
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206 |
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207 |
<title>{% trans "This is the title." %}</title> |
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208 |
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209 |
If you only want to mark a value for translation, but translate it later from a |
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210 |
variable, use the ``noop`` option:: |
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211 |
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212 |
<title>{% trans "value" noop %}</title> |
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213 |
|
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214 |
It's not possible to use template variables in ``{% trans %}`` -- only constant |
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215 |
strings, in single or double quotes, are allowed. If your translations require |
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216 |
variables (placeholders), use ``{% blocktrans %}``. Example:: |
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217 |
|
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218 |
{% blocktrans %}This will have {{ value }} inside.{% endblocktrans %} |
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219 |
|
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220 |
To translate a template expression -- say, using template filters -- you need |
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221 |
to bind the expression to a local variable for use within the translation |
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222 |
block:: |
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223 |
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224 |
{% blocktrans with value|filter as myvar %} |
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225 |
This will have {{ myvar }} inside. |
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226 |
{% endblocktrans %} |
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If you need to bind more than one expression inside a ``blocktrans`` tag, |
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separate the pieces with ``and``:: |
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{% blocktrans with book|title as book_t and author|title as author_t %} |
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This is {{ book_t }} by {{ author_t }} |
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{% endblocktrans %} |
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To pluralize, specify both the singular and plural forms with the |
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``{% plural %}`` tag, which appears within ``{% blocktrans %}`` and |
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``{% endblocktrans %}``. Example:: |
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{% blocktrans count list|count as counter %} |
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There is only one {{ name }} object. |
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{% plural %} |
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There are {{ counter }} {{ name }} objects. |
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{% endblocktrans %} |
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Internally, all block and inline translations use the appropriate |
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``gettext`` / ``ngettext`` call. |
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Each ``RequestContext`` has access to two translation-specific variables: |
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* ``LANGUAGES`` is a list of tuples in which the first element is the |
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language code and the second is the language name (in that language). |
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* ``LANGUAGE_CODE`` is the current user's preferred language, as a string. |
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Example: ``en-us``. (See "How language preference is discovered", below.) |
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* ``LANGUAGE_BIDI`` is the current language's direction. If True, it's a |
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right-to-left language, e.g: Hebrew, Arabic. If False it's a |
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left-to-right language, e.g: English, French, German etc. |
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|
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If you don't use the ``RequestContext`` extension, you can get those values with |
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three tags:: |
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{% get_current_language as LANGUAGE_CODE %} |
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{% get_available_languages as LANGUAGES %} |
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{% get_current_language_bidi as LANGUAGE_BIDI %} |
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These tags also require a ``{% load i18n %}``. |
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267 |
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Translation hooks are also available within any template block tag that accepts |
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constant strings. In those cases, just use ``_()`` syntax to specify a |
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translation string. Example:: |
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{% some_special_tag _("Page not found") value|yesno:_("yes,no") %} |
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273 |
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In this case, both the tag and the filter will see the already-translated |
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string, so they don't need to be aware of translations. |
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.. _Django templates: ../templates_python/ |
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How to create language files |
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============================ |
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281 |
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Once you've tagged your strings for later translation, you need to write (or |
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obtain) the language translations themselves. Here's how that works. |
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284 |
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.. admonition:: Locale restrictions |
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286 |
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Django does not support localizing your application into a locale for |
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which Django itself has not been translated. In this case, it will ignore |
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your translation files. If you were to try this and Django supported it, |
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you would inevitably see a mixture of translated strings (from your |
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application) and English strings (from Django itself). If you want to |
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support a locale for your application that is not already part of |
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Django, you'll need to make at least a minimal translation of the Django |
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core. |
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295 |
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Message files |
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------------- |
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298 |
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The first step is to create a **message file** for a new language. A message |
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file is a plain-text file, representing a single language, that contains all |
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available translation strings and how they should be represented in the given |
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language. Message files have a ``.po`` file extension. |
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303 |
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Django comes with a tool, ``bin/make-messages.py``, that automates the creation |
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and upkeep of these files. |
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306 |
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To create or update a message file, run this command:: |
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308 |
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bin/make-messages.py -l de |
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310 |
|
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...where ``de`` is the language code for the message file you want to create. |
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The language code, in this case, is in locale format. For example, it's |
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``pt_BR`` for Brazilian and ``de_AT`` for Austrian German. |
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314 |
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The script should be run from one of three places: |
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316 |
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* The root ``django`` directory (not a Subversion checkout, but the one |
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that is linked-to via ``$PYTHONPATH`` or is located somewhere on that |
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path). |
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* The root directory of your Django project. |
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* The root directory of your Django app. |
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322 |
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The script runs over the entire Django source tree and pulls out all strings |
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marked for translation. It creates (or updates) a message file in the directory |
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``conf/locale``. In the ``de`` example, the file will be |
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``conf/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/django.po``. |
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327 |
|
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If run over your project source tree or your application source tree, it will |
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do the same, but the location of the locale directory is ``locale/LANG/LC_MESSAGES`` |
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(note the missing ``conf`` prefix). |
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331 |
|
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.. admonition:: No gettext? |
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333 |
|
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If you don't have the ``gettext`` utilities installed, ``make-messages.py`` |
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will create empty files. If that's the case, either install the ``gettext`` |
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utilities or just copy the English message file |
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(``conf/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/django.po``) and use it as a starting point; |
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|
338 |
it's just an empty translation file. |
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|
339 |
|
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|
340 |
The format of ``.po`` files is straightforward. Each ``.po`` file contains a |
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|
341 |
small bit of metadata, such as the translation maintainer's contact |
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342 |
information, but the bulk of the file is a list of **messages** -- simple |
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|
343 |
mappings between translation strings and the actual translated text for the |
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344 |
particular language. |
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|
345 |
|
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346 |
For example, if your Django app contained a translation string for the text |
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347 |
``"Welcome to my site."``, like so:: |
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348 |
|
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|
349 |
_("Welcome to my site.") |
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|
350 |
|
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351 |
...then ``make-messages.py`` will have created a ``.po`` file containing the |
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352 |
following snippet -- a message:: |
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|
353 |
|
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354 |
#: path/to/python/module.py:23 |
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355 |
msgid "Welcome to my site." |
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356 |
msgstr "" |
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357 |
|
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358 |
A quick explanation: |
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359 |
|
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360 |
* ``msgid`` is the translation string, which appears in the source. Don't |
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361 |
change it. |
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362 |
* ``msgstr`` is where you put the language-specific translation. It starts |
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363 |
out empty, so it's your responsibility to change it. Make sure you keep |
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|
364 |
the quotes around your translation. |
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|
365 |
* As a convenience, each message includes the filename and line number |
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366 |
from which the translation string was gleaned. |
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367 |
|
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|
368 |
Long messages are a special case. There, the first string directly after the |
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369 |
``msgstr`` (or ``msgid``) is an empty string. Then the content itself will be |
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|
370 |
written over the next few lines as one string per line. Those strings are |
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|
371 |
directly concatenated. Don't forget trailing spaces within the strings; |
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|
372 |
otherwise, they'll be tacked together without whitespace! |
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373 |
|
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374 |
.. admonition:: Mind your charset |
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|
375 |
|
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376 |
When creating a ``.po`` file with your favorite text editor, first edit |
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377 |
the charset line (search for ``"CHARSET"``) and set it to the charset |
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378 |
you'll be using to edit the content. Generally, utf-8 should work for most |
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|
379 |
languages, but ``gettext`` should handle any charset you throw at it. |
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|
380 |
|
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381 |
To reexamine all source code and templates for new translation strings and |
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382 |
update all message files for **all** languages, run this:: |
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|
383 |
|
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|
384 |
make-messages.py -a |
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|
385 |
|
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|
386 |
Compiling message files |
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|
387 |
----------------------- |
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|
388 |
|
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|
389 |
After you create your message file -- and each time you make changes to it -- |
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|
390 |
you'll need to compile it into a more efficient form, for use by ``gettext``. |
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|
391 |
Do this with the ``bin/compile-messages.py`` utility. |
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|
392 |
|
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|
393 |
This tool runs over all available ``.po`` files and creates ``.mo`` files, |
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|
394 |
which are binary files optimized for use by ``gettext``. In the same directory |
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parents:
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|
395 |
from which you ran ``make-messages.py``, run ``compile-messages.py`` like |
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|
396 |
this:: |
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|
397 |
|
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|
398 |
bin/compile-messages.py |
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|
399 |
|
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400 |
That's it. Your translations are ready for use. |
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|
401 |
|
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|
402 |
.. admonition:: A note to translators |
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|
403 |
|
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|
404 |
If you've created a translation in a language Django doesn't yet support, |
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|
405 |
please let us know! See `Submitting and maintaining translations`_ for |
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|
406 |
the steps to take. |
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|
407 |
|
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|
408 |
.. _Submitting and maintaining translations: ../contributing/ |
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409 |
|
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|
410 |
How Django discovers language preference |
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|
411 |
======================================== |
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|
412 |
|
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|
413 |
Once you've prepared your translations -- or, if you just want to use the |
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parents:
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|
414 |
translations that come with Django -- you'll just need to activate translation |
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parents:
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|
415 |
for your app. |
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parents:
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|
416 |
|
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|
417 |
Behind the scenes, Django has a very flexible model of deciding which language |
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|
418 |
should be used -- installation-wide, for a particular user, or both. |
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|
419 |
|
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parents:
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|
420 |
To set an installation-wide language preference, set ``LANGUAGE_CODE`` in your |
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|
421 |
`settings file`_. Django uses this language as the default translation -- the |
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parents:
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|
422 |
final attempt if no other translator finds a translation. |
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|
423 |
|
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|
424 |
If all you want to do is run Django with your native language, and a language |
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|
425 |
file is available for your language, all you need to do is set |
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parents:
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|
426 |
``LANGUAGE_CODE``. |
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|
427 |
|
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|
428 |
If you want to let each individual user specify which language he or she |
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|
429 |
prefers, use ``LocaleMiddleware``. ``LocaleMiddleware`` enables language |
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parents:
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|
430 |
selection based on data from the request. It customizes content for each user. |
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|
431 |
|
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|
432 |
To use ``LocaleMiddleware``, add ``'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware'`` |
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|
433 |
to your ``MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES`` setting. Because middleware order matters, you |
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parents:
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|
434 |
should follow these guidelines: |
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parents:
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|
435 |
|
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parents:
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|
436 |
* Make sure it's one of the first middlewares installed. |
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|
437 |
* It should come after ``SessionMiddleware``, because ``LocaleMiddleware`` |
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|
438 |
makes use of session data. |
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parents:
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|
439 |
* If you use ``CacheMiddleware``, put ``LocaleMiddleware`` after it. |
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|
440 |
|
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|
441 |
For example, your ``MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES`` might look like this:: |
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|
442 |
|
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|
443 |
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = ( |
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|
444 |
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', |
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|
445 |
'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware', |
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|
446 |
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', |
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|
447 |
) |
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parents:
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|
448 |
|
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|
449 |
(For more on middleware, see the `middleware documentation`_.) |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
450 |
|
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
451 |
``LocaleMiddleware`` tries to determine the user's language preference by |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
452 |
following this algorithm: |
620f9b141567
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
453 |
|
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
454 |
* First, it looks for a ``django_language`` key in the the current user's |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
455 |
`session`_. |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
456 |
* Failing that, it looks for a cookie called ``django_language``. |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
457 |
* Failing that, it looks at the ``Accept-Language`` HTTP header. This |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
458 |
header is sent by your browser and tells the server which language(s) you |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
459 |
prefer, in order by priority. Django tries each language in the header |
620f9b141567
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
460 |
until it finds one with available translations. |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
461 |
* Failing that, it uses the global ``LANGUAGE_CODE`` setting. |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
462 |
|
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
463 |
Notes: |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
464 |
|
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
465 |
* In each of these places, the language preference is expected to be in the |
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
466 |
standard language format, as a string. For example, Brazilian is |
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
467 |
``pt-br``. |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
468 |
* If a base language is available but the sublanguage specified is not, |
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
469 |
Django uses the base language. For example, if a user specifies ``de-at`` |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
470 |
(Austrian German) but Django only has ``de`` available, Django uses |
620f9b141567
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parents:
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changeset
|
471 |
``de``. |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
472 |
* Only languages listed in the `LANGUAGES setting`_ can be selected. If |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
473 |
you want to restrict the language selection to a subset of provided |
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
474 |
languages (because your application doesn't provide all those languages), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
475 |
set ``LANGUAGES`` to a list of languages. For example:: |
620f9b141567
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
476 |
|
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parents:
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changeset
|
477 |
LANGUAGES = ( |
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parents:
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changeset
|
478 |
('de', _('German')), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
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|
479 |
('en', _('English')), |
620f9b141567
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
480 |
) |
620f9b141567
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
481 |
|
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
482 |
This example restricts languages that are available for automatic |
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
483 |
selection to German and English (and any sublanguage, like de-ch or |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
484 |
en-us). |
620f9b141567
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
485 |
|
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
486 |
.. _LANGUAGES setting: ../settings/#languages |
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
487 |
|
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
488 |
* If you define a custom ``LANGUAGES`` setting, as explained in the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
489 |
previous bullet, it's OK to mark the languages as translation strings |
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
490 |
-- but use a "dummy" ``gettext()`` function, not the one in |
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
491 |
``django.utils.translation``. You should *never* import |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
492 |
``django.utils.translation`` from within your settings file, because that |
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
493 |
module in itself depends on the settings, and that would cause a circular |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
494 |
import. |
620f9b141567
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
495 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
496 |
The solution is to use a "dummy" ``gettext()`` function. Here's a sample |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
497 |
settings file:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
498 |
|
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
499 |
gettext = lambda s: s |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
500 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
501 |
LANGUAGES = ( |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
502 |
('de', gettext('German')), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
503 |
('en', gettext('English')), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
504 |
) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
505 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
506 |
With this arrangement, ``make-messages.py`` will still find and mark |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
507 |
these strings for translation, but the translation won't happen at |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
508 |
runtime -- so you'll have to remember to wrap the languages in the *real* |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
509 |
``gettext()`` in any code that uses ``LANGUAGES`` at runtime. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
510 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
511 |
* The ``LocaleMiddleware`` can only select languages for which there is a |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
512 |
Django-provided base translation. If you want to provide translations |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
513 |
for your application that aren't already in the set of translations |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
514 |
in Django's source tree, you'll want to provide at least basic |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
515 |
translations for that language. For example, Django uses technical |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
516 |
message IDs to translate date formats and time formats -- so you will |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
517 |
need at least those translations for the system to work correctly. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
518 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
519 |
A good starting point is to copy the English ``.po`` file and to |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
520 |
translate at least the technical messages -- maybe the validator |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
521 |
messages, too. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
522 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
523 |
Technical message IDs are easily recognized; they're all upper case. You |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
524 |
don't translate the message ID as with other messages, you provide the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
525 |
correct local variant on the provided English value. For example, with |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
526 |
``DATETIME_FORMAT`` (or ``DATE_FORMAT`` or ``TIME_FORMAT``), this would |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
527 |
be the format string that you want to use in your language. The format |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
528 |
is identical to the format strings used by the ``now`` template tag. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
529 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
530 |
Once ``LocaleMiddleware`` determines the user's preference, it makes this |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
531 |
preference available as ``request.LANGUAGE_CODE`` for each `request object`_. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
532 |
Feel free to read this value in your view code. Here's a simple example:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
533 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
534 |
def hello_world(request, count): |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
535 |
if request.LANGUAGE_CODE == 'de-at': |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
536 |
return HttpResponse("You prefer to read Austrian German.") |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
537 |
else: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
538 |
return HttpResponse("You prefer to read another language.") |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
539 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
540 |
Note that, with static (middleware-less) translation, the language is in |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
541 |
``settings.LANGUAGE_CODE``, while with dynamic (middleware) translation, it's |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
542 |
in ``request.LANGUAGE_CODE``. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
543 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
544 |
.. _settings file: ../settings/ |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
545 |
.. _middleware documentation: ../middleware/ |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
546 |
.. _session: ../sessions/ |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
547 |
.. _request object: ../request_response/#httprequest-objects |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
548 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
549 |
The ``set_language`` redirect view |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
550 |
================================== |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
551 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
552 |
As a convenience, Django comes with a view, ``django.views.i18n.set_language``, |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
553 |
that sets a user's language preference and redirects back to the previous page. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
554 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
555 |
Activate this view by adding the following line to your URLconf:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
556 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
557 |
(r'^i18n/', include('django.conf.urls.i18n')), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
558 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
559 |
(Note that this example makes the view available at ``/i18n/setlang/``.) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
560 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
561 |
The view expects to be called via the ``GET`` method, with a ``language`` |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
562 |
parameter set in the query string. If session support is enabled, the view |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
563 |
saves the language choice in the user's session. Otherwise, it saves the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
564 |
language choice in a ``django_language`` cookie. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
565 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
566 |
After setting the language choice, Django redirects the user, following this |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
567 |
algorithm: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
568 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
569 |
* Django looks for a ``next`` parameter in the query string. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
570 |
* If that doesn't exist, or is empty, Django tries the URL in the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
571 |
``Referer`` header. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
572 |
* If that's empty -- say, if a user's browser suppresses that header -- |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
573 |
then the user will be redirected to ``/`` (the site root) as a fallback. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
574 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
575 |
Here's example HTML template code:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
576 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
577 |
<form action="/i18n/setlang/" method="get"> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
578 |
<input name="next" type="hidden" value="/next/page/" /> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
579 |
<select name="language"> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
580 |
{% for lang in LANGUAGES %} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
581 |
<option value="{{ lang.0 }}">{{ lang.1 }}</option> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
582 |
{% endfor %} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
583 |
</select> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
584 |
<input type="submit" value="Go" /> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
585 |
</form> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
586 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
587 |
Using translations in your own projects |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
588 |
======================================= |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
589 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
590 |
Django looks for translations by following this algorithm: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
591 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
592 |
* First, it looks for a ``locale`` directory in the application directory |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
593 |
of the view that's being called. If it finds a translation for the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
594 |
selected language, the translation will be installed. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
595 |
* Next, it looks for a ``locale`` directory in the project directory. If it |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
596 |
finds a translation, the translation will be installed. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
597 |
* Finally, it checks the base translation in ``django/conf/locale``. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
598 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
599 |
This way, you can write applications that include their own translations, and |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
600 |
you can override base translations in your project path. Or, you can just build |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
601 |
a big project out of several apps and put all translations into one big project |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
602 |
message file. The choice is yours. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
603 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
604 |
.. note:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
605 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
606 |
If you're using manually configured settings, as described in the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
607 |
`settings documentation`_, the ``locale`` directory in the project |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
608 |
directory will not be examined, since Django loses the ability to work out |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
609 |
the location of the project directory. (Django normally uses the location |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
610 |
of the settings file to determine this, and a settings file doesn't exist |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
611 |
if you're manually configuring your settings.) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
612 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
613 |
.. _settings documentation: ../settings/#using-settings-without-the-django-settings-module-environment-variable |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
614 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
615 |
All message file repositories are structured the same way. They are: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
616 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
617 |
* ``$APPPATH/locale/<language>/LC_MESSAGES/django.(po|mo)`` |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
618 |
* ``$PROJECTPATH/locale/<language>/LC_MESSAGES/django.(po|mo)`` |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
619 |
* All paths listed in ``LOCALE_PATHS`` in your settings file are |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
620 |
searched in that order for ``<language>/LC_MESSAGES/django.(po|mo)`` |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
621 |
* ``$PYTHONPATH/django/conf/locale/<language>/LC_MESSAGES/django.(po|mo)`` |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
622 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
623 |
To create message files, you use the same ``make-messages.py`` tool as with the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
624 |
Django message files. You only need to be in the right place -- in the directory |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
625 |
where either the ``conf/locale`` (in case of the source tree) or the ``locale/`` |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
626 |
(in case of app messages or project messages) directory are located. And you |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
627 |
use the same ``compile-messages.py`` to produce the binary ``django.mo`` files that |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
628 |
are used by ``gettext``. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
629 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
630 |
Application message files are a bit complicated to discover -- they need the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
631 |
``LocaleMiddleware``. If you don't use the middleware, only the Django message |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
632 |
files and project message files will be processed. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
633 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
634 |
Finally, you should give some thought to the structure of your translation |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
635 |
files. If your applications need to be delivered to other users and will |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
636 |
be used in other projects, you might want to use app-specific translations. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
637 |
But using app-specific translations and project translations could produce |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
638 |
weird problems with ``make-messages``: ``make-messages`` will traverse all |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
639 |
directories below the current path and so might put message IDs into the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
640 |
project message file that are already in application message files. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
641 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
642 |
The easiest way out is to store applications that are not part of the project |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
643 |
(and so carry their own translations) outside the project tree. That way, |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
644 |
``make-messages`` on the project level will only translate strings that are |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
645 |
connected to your explicit project and not strings that are distributed |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
646 |
independently. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
647 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
648 |
Translations and JavaScript |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
649 |
=========================== |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
650 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
651 |
Adding translations to JavaScript poses some problems: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
652 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
653 |
* JavaScript code doesn't have access to a ``gettext`` implementation. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
654 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
655 |
* JavaScript code doesn't have access to .po or .mo files; they need to be |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
656 |
delivered by the server. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
657 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
658 |
* The translation catalogs for JavaScript should be kept as small as |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
659 |
possible. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
660 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
661 |
Django provides an integrated solution for these problems: It passes the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
662 |
translations into JavaScript, so you can call ``gettext``, etc., from within |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
663 |
JavaScript. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
664 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
665 |
The ``javascript_catalog`` view |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
666 |
------------------------------- |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
667 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
668 |
The main solution to these problems is the ``javascript_catalog`` view, which |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
669 |
sends out a JavaScript code library with functions that mimic the ``gettext`` |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
670 |
interface, plus an array of translation strings. Those translation strings are |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
671 |
taken from the application, project or Django core, according to what you |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
672 |
specify in either the {{{info_dict}}} or the URL. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
673 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
674 |
You hook it up like this:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
675 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
676 |
js_info_dict = { |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
677 |
'packages': ('your.app.package',), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
678 |
} |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
679 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
680 |
urlpatterns = patterns('', |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
681 |
(r'^jsi18n/$', 'django.views.i18n.javascript_catalog', js_info_dict), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
682 |
) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
683 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
684 |
Each string in ``packages`` should be in Python dotted-package syntax (the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
685 |
same format as the strings in ``INSTALLED_APPS``) and should refer to a package |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
686 |
that contains a ``locale`` directory. If you specify multiple packages, all |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
687 |
those catalogs are merged into one catalog. This is useful if you have |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
688 |
JavaScript that uses strings from different applications. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
689 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
690 |
You can make the view dynamic by putting the packages into the URL pattern:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
691 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
692 |
urlpatterns = patterns('', |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
693 |
(r'^jsi18n/(?P<packages>\S+?)/$, 'django.views.i18n.javascript_catalog'), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
694 |
) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
695 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
696 |
With this, you specify the packages as a list of package names delimited by '+' |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
697 |
signs in the URL. This is especially useful if your pages use code from |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
698 |
different apps and this changes often and you don't want to pull in one big |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
699 |
catalog file. As a security measure, these values can only be either |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
700 |
``django.conf`` or any package from the ``INSTALLED_APPS`` setting. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
701 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
702 |
Using the JavaScript translation catalog |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
703 |
---------------------------------------- |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
704 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
705 |
To use the catalog, just pull in the dynamically generated script like this:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
706 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
707 |
<script type="text/javascript" src="/path/to/jsi18n/"></script> |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
708 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
709 |
This is how the admin fetches the translation catalog from the server. When the |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
710 |
catalog is loaded, your JavaScript code can use the standard ``gettext`` |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
711 |
interface to access it:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
712 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
713 |
document.write(gettext('this is to be translated')); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
714 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
715 |
There even is a ``ngettext`` interface and a string interpolation function:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
716 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
717 |
d = { |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
718 |
count: 10 |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
719 |
}; |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
720 |
s = interpolate(ngettext('this is %(count)s object', 'this are %(count)s objects', d.count), d); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
721 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
722 |
The ``interpolate`` function supports both positional interpolation and named |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
723 |
interpolation. So the above could have been written as:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
724 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
725 |
s = interpolate(ngettext('this is %s object', 'this are %s objects', 11), [11]); |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
726 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
727 |
The interpolation syntax is borrowed from Python. You shouldn't go over the top |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
728 |
with string interpolation, though: this is still JavaScript, so the code will |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
729 |
have to do repeated regular-expression substitutions. This isn't as fast as |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
730 |
string interpolation in Python, so keep it to those cases where you really |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
731 |
need it (for example, in conjunction with ``ngettext`` to produce proper |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
732 |
pluralizations). |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
733 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
734 |
Creating JavaScript translation catalogs |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
735 |
---------------------------------------- |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
736 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
737 |
You create and update the translation catalogs the same way as the other Django |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
738 |
translation catalogs -- with the {{{make-messages.py}}} tool. The only |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
739 |
difference is you need to provide a ``-d djangojs`` parameter, like this:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
740 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
741 |
make-messages.py -d djangojs -l de |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
742 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
743 |
This would create or update the translation catalog for JavaScript for German. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
744 |
After updating translation catalogs, just run ``compile-messages.py`` the same |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
745 |
way as you do with normal Django translation catalogs. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
746 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
747 |
Specialities of Django translation |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
748 |
================================== |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
749 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
750 |
If you know ``gettext``, you might note these specialities in the way Django |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
751 |
does translation: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
752 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
753 |
* The string domain is ``django`` or ``djangojs``. The string domain is used to |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
754 |
differentiate between different programs that store their data in a |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
755 |
common message-file library (usually ``/usr/share/locale/``). The ``django`` |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
756 |
domain is used for python and template translation strings and is loaded into |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
757 |
the global translation catalogs. The ``djangojs`` domain is only used for |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
758 |
JavaScript translation catalogs to make sure that those are as small as |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
759 |
possible. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
760 |
* Django only uses ``gettext`` and ``gettext_noop``. That's because Django |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
761 |
always uses ``DEFAULT_CHARSET`` strings internally. There isn't much use |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
762 |
in using ``ugettext``, because you'll always need to produce utf-8 |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
763 |
anyway. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
764 |
* Django doesn't use ``xgettext`` alone. It uses Python wrappers around |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
765 |
``xgettext`` and ``msgfmt``. That's mostly for convenience. |