author | Lennard de Rijk <ljvderijk@gmail.com> |
Mon, 13 Jul 2009 00:53:42 +0200 | |
changeset 2616 | 9321e100a7fb |
parent 109 | 620f9b141567 |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
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============== |
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URL dispatcher |
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============== |
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A clean, elegant URL scheme is an important detail in a high-quality Web |
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application. Django lets you design URLs however you want, with no framework |
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limitations. |
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There's no ``.php`` or ``.cgi`` required, and certainly none of that |
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``0,2097,1-1-1928,00`` nonsense. |
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See `Cool URIs don't change`_, by World Wide Web creator Tim Berners-Lee, for |
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excellent arguments on why URLs should be clean and usable. |
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.. _Cool URIs don't change: http://www.w3.org/Provider/Style/URI |
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Overview |
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======== |
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To design URLs for an app, you create a Python module informally called a |
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**URLconf** (URL configuration). This module is pure Python code and |
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is a simple mapping between URL patterns (as simple regular expressions) to |
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Python callback functions (your views). |
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This mapping can be as short or as long as needed. It can reference other |
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mappings. And, because it's pure Python code, it can be constructed |
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dynamically. |
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How Django processes a request |
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============================== |
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When a user requests a page from your Django-powered site, this is the |
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algorithm the system follows to determine which Python code to execute: |
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1. Django looks at the ``ROOT_URLCONF`` setting in your `settings file`_. |
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This should be a string representing the full Python import path to your |
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URLconf. For example: ``"mydjangoapps.urls"``. |
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2. Django loads that Python module and looks for the variable |
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``urlpatterns``. This should be a Python list, in the format returned by |
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the function ``django.conf.urls.defaults.patterns()``. |
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3. Django runs through each URL pattern, in order, and stops at the first |
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one that matches the requested URL. |
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4. Once one of the regexes matches, Django imports and calls the given |
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view, which is a simple Python function. The view gets passed a |
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`request object`_ as its first argument and any values captured in the |
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regex as remaining arguments. |
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.. _settings file: ../settings/ |
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.. _request object: ../request_response/#httprequest-objects |
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Example |
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======= |
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Here's a sample URLconf:: |
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from django.conf.urls.defaults import * |
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urlpatterns = patterns('', |
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(r'^articles/2003/$', 'news.views.special_case_2003'), |
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(r'^articles/(\d{4})/$', 'news.views.year_archive'), |
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(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/$', 'news.views.month_archive'), |
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(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/(\d+)/$', 'news.views.article_detail'), |
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) |
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Notes: |
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* ``from django.conf.urls.defaults import *`` makes the ``patterns()`` |
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function available. |
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* To capture a value from the URL, just put parenthesis around it. |
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* There's no need to add a leading slash, because every URL has that. For |
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example, it's ``^articles``, not ``^/articles``. |
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* The ``'r'`` in front of each regular expression string is optional but |
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recommended. It tells Python that a string is "raw" -- that nothing in |
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the string should be escaped. See `Dive Into Python's explanation`_. |
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Example requests: |
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* A request to ``/articles/2005/03/`` would match the third entry in the |
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list. Django would call the function |
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``news.views.month_archive(request, '2005', '03')``. |
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* ``/articles/2005/3/`` would not match any URL patterns, because the |
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third entry in the list requires two digits for the month. |
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* ``/articles/2003/`` would match the first pattern in the list, not the |
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second one, because the patterns are tested in order, and the first one |
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is the first test to pass. Feel free to exploit the ordering to insert |
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special cases like this. |
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* ``/articles/2003`` would not match any of these patterns, because each |
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pattern requires that the URL end with a slash. |
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* ``/articles/2003/03/3/`` would match the final pattern. Django would call |
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the function ``news.views.article_detail(request, '2003', '03', '3')``. |
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.. _Dive Into Python's explanation: http://diveintopython.org/regular_expressions/street_addresses.html#re.matching.2.3 |
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Named groups |
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============ |
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The above example used simple, *non-named* regular-expression groups (via |
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parenthesis) to capture bits of the URL and pass them as *positional* arguments |
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to a view. In more advanced usage, it's possible to use *named* |
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regular-expression groups to capture URL bits and pass them as *keyword* |
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arguments to a view. |
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In Python regular expressions, the syntax for named regular-expression groups |
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111 |
is ``(?P<name>pattern)``, where ``name`` is the name of the group and |
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``pattern`` is some pattern to match. |
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113 |
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114 |
Here's the above example URLconf, rewritten to use named groups:: |
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115 |
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116 |
urlpatterns = patterns('', |
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(r'^articles/2003/$', 'news.views.special_case_2003'), |
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(r'^articles/(?P<year>\d{4})/$', 'news.views.year_archive'), |
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(r'^articles/(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>\d{2})/$', 'news.views.month_archive'), |
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(r'^articles/(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>\d{2})/(?P<day>\d+)/$', 'news.views.article_detail'), |
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121 |
) |
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122 |
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123 |
This accomplishes exactly the same thing as the previous example, with one |
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124 |
subtle difference: The captured values are passed to view functions as keyword |
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arguments rather than positional arguments. For example: |
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126 |
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* A request to ``/articles/2005/03/`` would call the function |
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``news.views.month_archive(request, year='2005', month='03')``, instead |
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of ``news.views.month_archive(request, '2005', '03')``. |
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130 |
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* A request to ``/articles/2003/03/3/`` would call the function |
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``news.views.article_detail(request, year='2003', month='03', day='3')``. |
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133 |
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134 |
In practice, this means your URLconfs are slightly more explicit and less prone |
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135 |
to argument-order bugs -- and you can reorder the arguments in your views' |
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136 |
function definitions. Of course, these benefits come at the cost of brevity; |
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137 |
some developers find the named-group syntax ugly and too verbose. |
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138 |
|
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139 |
The matching/grouping algorithm |
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140 |
------------------------------- |
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141 |
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142 |
Here's the algorithm the URLconf parser follows, with respect to named groups |
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143 |
vs. non-named groups in a regular expression: |
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144 |
|
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145 |
If there are any named arguments, it will use those, ignoring non-named arguments. |
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146 |
Otherwise, it will pass all non-named arguments as positional arguments. |
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147 |
|
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148 |
In both cases, it will pass any extra keyword arguments as keyword arguments. |
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149 |
See "Passing extra options to view functions" below. |
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150 |
|
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151 |
What the URLconf searches against |
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152 |
================================= |
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153 |
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154 |
The URLconf searches against the requested URL, as a normal Python string. This |
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155 |
does not include GET or POST parameters, or the domain name. |
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156 |
|
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157 |
For example, in a request to ``http://www.example.com/myapp/``, the URLconf |
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158 |
will look for ``/myapp/``. |
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159 |
|
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160 |
In a request to ``http://www.example.com/myapp/?page=3``, the URLconf will look |
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161 |
for ``/myapp/``. |
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162 |
|
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163 |
The URLconf doesn't look at the request method. In other words, all request |
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164 |
methods -- ``POST``, ``GET``, ``HEAD``, etc. -- will be routed to the same |
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165 |
function for the same URL. |
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166 |
|
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167 |
Syntax of the urlpatterns variable |
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168 |
================================== |
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169 |
|
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170 |
``urlpatterns`` should be a Python list, in the format returned by the function |
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171 |
``django.conf.urls.defaults.patterns()``. Always use ``patterns()`` to create |
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172 |
the ``urlpatterns`` variable. |
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173 |
|
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174 |
Convention is to use ``from django.conf.urls.defaults import *`` at the top of |
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175 |
your URLconf. This gives your module access to these objects: |
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176 |
|
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177 |
patterns |
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178 |
-------- |
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179 |
|
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180 |
A function that takes a prefix, and an arbitrary number of URL patterns, and |
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181 |
returns a list of URL patterns in the format Django needs. |
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182 |
|
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183 |
The first argument to ``patterns()`` is a string ``prefix``. See |
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184 |
"The view prefix" below. |
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185 |
|
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186 |
The remaining arguments should be tuples in this format:: |
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187 |
|
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188 |
(regular expression, Python callback function [, optional dictionary]) |
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189 |
|
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190 |
...where ``optional dictionary`` is optional. (See |
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191 |
_`Passing extra options to view functions` below.) |
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192 |
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193 |
handler404 |
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194 |
---------- |
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195 |
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196 |
A string representing the full Python import path to the view that should be |
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197 |
called if none of the URL patterns match. |
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198 |
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199 |
By default, this is ``'django.views.defaults.page_not_found'``. That default |
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200 |
value should suffice. |
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201 |
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202 |
handler500 |
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203 |
---------- |
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204 |
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205 |
A string representing the full Python import path to the view that should be |
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206 |
called in case of server errors. Server errors happen when you have runtime |
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207 |
errors in view code. |
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208 |
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209 |
By default, this is ``'django.views.defaults.server_error'``. That default |
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210 |
value should suffice. |
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211 |
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212 |
include |
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213 |
------- |
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214 |
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215 |
A function that takes a full Python import path to another URLconf that should |
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216 |
be "included" in this place. See _`Including other URLconfs` below. |
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217 |
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218 |
Notes on capturing text in URLs |
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219 |
=============================== |
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220 |
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221 |
Each captured argument is sent to the view as a plain Python string, regardless |
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222 |
of what sort of match the regular expression makes. For example, in this |
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URLconf line:: |
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(r'^articles/(?P<year>\d{4})/$', 'news.views.year_archive'), |
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...the ``year`` argument to ``news.views.year_archive()`` will be a string, not |
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an integer, even though the ``\d{4}`` will only match integer strings. |
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A convenient trick is to specify default parameters for your views' arguments. |
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Here's an example URLconf and view:: |
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# URLconf |
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urlpatterns = patterns('', |
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(r'^blog/$', 'blog.views.page'), |
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(r'^blog/page(?P<num>\d+)/$', 'blog.views.page'), |
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) |
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# View (in blog/views.py) |
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def page(request, num="1"): |
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# Output the appropriate page of blog entries, according to num. |
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In the above example, both URL patterns point to the same view -- |
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``blog.views.page`` -- but the first pattern doesn't capture anything from the |
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URL. If the first pattern matches, the ``page()`` function will use its |
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default argument for ``num``, ``"1"``. If the second pattern matches, |
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``page()`` will use whatever ``num`` value was captured by the regex. |
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Performance |
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=========== |
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Each regular expression in a ``urlpatterns`` is compiled the first time it's |
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accessed. This makes the system blazingly fast. |
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The view prefix |
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=============== |
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You can specify a common prefix in your ``patterns()`` call, to cut down on |
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code duplication. |
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Here's the example URLconf from the `Django overview`_:: |
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from django.conf.urls.defaults import * |
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urlpatterns = patterns('', |
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(r'^articles/(\d{4})/$', 'mysite.news.views.year_archive'), |
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(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/$', 'mysite.news.views.month_archive'), |
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(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/(\d+)/$', 'mysite.news.views.article_detail'), |
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269 |
) |
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270 |
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In this example, each view has a common prefix -- ``'mysite.news.views'``. |
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Instead of typing that out for each entry in ``urlpatterns``, you can use the |
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first argument to the ``patterns()`` function to specify a prefix to apply to |
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each view function. |
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With this in mind, the above example can be written more concisely as:: |
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277 |
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from django.conf.urls.defaults import * |
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urlpatterns = patterns('mysite.news.views', |
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(r'^articles/(\d{4})/$', 'year_archive'), |
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(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/$', 'month_archive'), |
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(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/(\d+)/$', 'article_detail'), |
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284 |
) |
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285 |
|
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Note that you don't put a trailing dot (``"."``) in the prefix. Django puts |
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287 |
that in automatically. |
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.. _Django overview: ../overview/ |
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Multiple view prefixes |
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---------------------- |
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293 |
|
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In practice, you'll probably end up mixing and matching views to the point |
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where the views in your ``urlpatterns`` won't have a common prefix. However, |
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you can still take advantage of the view prefix shortcut to remove duplication. |
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Just add multiple ``patterns()`` objects together, like this: |
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298 |
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Old:: |
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300 |
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from django.conf.urls.defaults import * |
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urlpatterns = patterns('', |
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(r'^/?$', 'django.views.generic.date_based.archive_index'), |
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(r'^(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>[a-z]{3})/$', 'django.views.generic.date_based.archive_month'), |
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(r'^tag/(?P<tag>\w+)/$', 'weblog.views.tag'), |
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) |
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New:: |
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from django.conf.urls.defaults import * |
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urlpatterns = patterns('django.views.generic.date_based', |
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(r'^/?$', 'archive_index'), |
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(r'^(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>[a-z]{3})/$','archive_month'), |
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) |
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urlpatterns += patterns('weblog.views', |
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(r'^tag/(?P<tag>\w+)/$', 'tag'), |
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) |
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Including other URLconfs |
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======================== |
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325 |
At any point, your ``urlpatterns`` can "include" other URLconf modules. This |
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essentially "roots" a set of URLs below other ones. |
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For example, here's the URLconf for the `Django website`_ itself. It includes a |
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number of other URLconfs:: |
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330 |
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331 |
from django.conf.urls.defaults import * |
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332 |
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333 |
urlpatterns = patterns('', |
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334 |
(r'^weblog/', include('django_website.apps.blog.urls.blog')), |
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parents:
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|
335 |
(r'^documentation/', include('django_website.apps.docs.urls.docs')), |
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|
336 |
(r'^comments/', include('django.contrib.comments.urls.comments')), |
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|
337 |
) |
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|
338 |
|
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|
339 |
Note that the regular expressions in this example don't have a ``$`` |
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|
340 |
(end-of-string match character) but do include a trailing slash. Whenever |
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parents:
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|
341 |
Django encounters ``include()``, it chops off whatever part of the URL matched |
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|
342 |
up to that point and sends the remaining string to the included URLconf for |
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parents:
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|
343 |
further processing. |
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|
344 |
|
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|
345 |
.. _`Django website`: http://www.djangoproject.com/ |
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|
346 |
|
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|
347 |
Captured parameters |
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|
348 |
------------------- |
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|
349 |
|
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|
350 |
An included URLconf receives any captured parameters from parent URLconfs, so |
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parents:
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|
351 |
the following example is valid:: |
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|
352 |
|
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|
353 |
# In settings/urls/main.py |
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354 |
urlpatterns = patterns('', |
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|
355 |
(r'^(?P<username>\w+)/blog/', include('foo.urls.blog')), |
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parents:
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|
356 |
) |
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|
357 |
|
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|
358 |
# In foo/urls/blog.py |
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|
359 |
urlpatterns = patterns('foo.views', |
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|
360 |
(r'^$', 'blog.index'), |
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|
361 |
(r'^archive/$', 'blog.archive'), |
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|
362 |
) |
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|
363 |
|
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|
364 |
In the above example, the captured ``"username"`` variable is passed to the |
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|
365 |
included URLconf, as expected. |
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|
366 |
|
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|
367 |
Passing extra options to view functions |
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|
368 |
======================================= |
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|
369 |
|
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|
370 |
URLconfs have a hook that lets you pass extra arguments to your view functions, |
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|
371 |
as a Python dictionary. |
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|
372 |
|
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|
373 |
Any URLconf tuple can have an optional third element, which should be a |
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374 |
dictionary of extra keyword arguments to pass to the view function. |
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|
375 |
|
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|
376 |
For example:: |
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|
377 |
|
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|
378 |
urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views', |
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parents:
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|
379 |
(r'^/blog/(?P<year>\d{4})/$', 'year_archive', {'foo': 'bar'}), |
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parents:
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|
380 |
) |
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|
381 |
|
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|
382 |
In this example, for a request to ``/blog/2005/``, Django will call the |
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|
383 |
``blog.views.year_archive()`` view, passing it these keyword arguments:: |
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parents:
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changeset
|
384 |
|
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|
385 |
year='2005', foo='bar' |
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parents:
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changeset
|
386 |
|
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parents:
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|
387 |
This technique is used in `generic views`_ and in the `syndication framework`_ |
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parents:
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|
388 |
to pass metadata and options to views. |
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|
389 |
|
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|
390 |
.. _generic views: ../generic_views/ |
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parents:
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|
391 |
.. _syndication framework: ../syndication/ |
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changeset
|
392 |
|
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parents:
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changeset
|
393 |
.. admonition:: Dealing with conflicts |
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parents:
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changeset
|
394 |
|
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
395 |
It's possible to have a URL pattern which captures named keyword arguments, |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
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changeset
|
396 |
and also passes arguments with the same names in its dictionary of extra |
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parents:
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changeset
|
397 |
arguments. When this happens, the arguments in the dictionary will be used |
620f9b141567
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
398 |
instead of the arguments captured in the URL. |
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
399 |
|
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
400 |
Passing extra options to ``include()`` |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
401 |
-------------------------------------- |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
402 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
403 |
Similarly, you can pass extra options to ``include()``. When you pass extra |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
404 |
options to ``include()``, *each* line in the included URLconf will be passed |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
405 |
the extra options. |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
406 |
|
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
407 |
For example, these two URLconf sets are functionally identical: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
408 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
409 |
Set one:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
410 |
|
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
411 |
# main.py |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
412 |
urlpatterns = patterns('', |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
413 |
(r'^blog/', include('inner'), {'blogid': 3}), |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
414 |
) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
415 |
|
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
416 |
# inner.py |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
417 |
urlpatterns = patterns('', |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
418 |
(r'^archive/$', 'mysite.views.archive'), |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
419 |
(r'^about/$', 'mysite.views.about'), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
420 |
) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
421 |
|
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
422 |
Set two:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
423 |
|
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
424 |
# main.py |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
425 |
urlpatterns = patterns('', |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
426 |
(r'^blog/', include('inner')), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
427 |
) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
428 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
429 |
# inner.py |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
430 |
urlpatterns = patterns('', |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
431 |
(r'^archive/$', 'mysite.views.archive', {'blogid': 3}), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
432 |
(r'^about/$', 'mysite.views.about', {'blogid': 3}), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
433 |
) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
434 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
435 |
Note that extra options will *always* be passed to *every* line in the included |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
436 |
URLconf, regardless of whether the line's view actually accepts those options |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
437 |
as valid. For this reason, this technique is only useful if you're certain that |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
438 |
every view in the the included URLconf accepts the extra options you're passing. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
439 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
440 |
Passing callable objects instead of strings |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
441 |
=========================================== |
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Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
442 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
443 |
Some developers find it more natural to pass the actual Python function object |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
444 |
rather than a string containing the path to its module. This alternative is |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
445 |
supported -- you can pass any callable object as the view. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
446 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
447 |
For example, given this URLconf in "string" notation:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
448 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
449 |
urlpatterns = patterns('', |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
450 |
(r'^archive/$', 'mysite.views.archive'), |
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Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
451 |
(r'^about/$', 'mysite.views.about'), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
452 |
(r'^contact/$', 'mysite.views.contact'), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
453 |
) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
454 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
455 |
You can accomplish the same thing by passing objects rather than strings. Just |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
456 |
be sure to import the objects:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
457 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
458 |
from mysite.views import archive, about, contact |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
459 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
460 |
urlpatterns = patterns('', |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
461 |
(r'^archive/$', archive), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
462 |
(r'^about/$', about), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
463 |
(r'^contact/$', contact), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
464 |
) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
465 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
466 |
The following example is functionally identical. It's just a bit more compact |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
467 |
because it imports the module that contains the views, rather than importing |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
468 |
each view individually:: |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
469 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
470 |
from mysite import views |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
471 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
472 |
urlpatterns = patterns('', |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
473 |
(r'^archive/$', views.archive), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
474 |
(r'^about/$', views.about), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
475 |
(r'^contact/$', views.contact), |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
476 |
) |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
477 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
478 |
The style you use is up to you. |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
479 |
|
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
480 |
Note that if you use this technique -- passing objects rather than strings -- |
620f9b141567
Load ../../google_appengine into trunk/thirdparty/google_appengine.
Todd Larsen <tlarsen@google.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
481 |
the view prefix (as explained in "The view prefix" above) will have no effect. |