diff -r e7febbccd376 -r 346f3a7e5da5 day2/PythonMachinery.tex
--- a/day2/PythonMachinery.tex	Wed Oct 14 11:19:20 2009 +0530
+++ /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
@@ -1,325 +0,0 @@
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-% Tutorial slides on Python.
-%
-% Author: Prabhu Ramachandran <prabhu at aero.iitb.ac.in>
-% Copyright (c) 2005-2008, Prabhu Ramachandran
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-\documentclass[14pt,compress]{beamer}
-%\documentclass[draft]{beamer}
-%\documentclass[compress,handout]{beamer}
-%\usepackage{pgfpages} 
-%\pgfpagesuselayout{2 on 1}[a4paper,border shrink=5mm]
-
-% Modified from: generic-ornate-15min-45min.de.tex
-\mode<presentation>
-{
-  \usetheme{Warsaw}
-  \useoutertheme{split}
-  \setbeamercovered{transparent}
-}
-
-\usepackage[english]{babel}
-\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
-%\usepackage{times}
-\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
-
-% Taken from Fernando's slides.
-\usepackage{ae,aecompl}
-\usepackage{mathpazo,courier,euler}
-\usepackage[scaled=.95]{helvet}
-
-\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
-
-\usepackage{listings}
-\lstset{language=Python,
-    basicstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,
-    commentstyle=\color{red}\itshape,
-  stringstyle=\color{darkgreen},
-  showstringspaces=false,
-  keywordstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries}
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-% Macros
-\setbeamercolor{emphbar}{bg=blue!20, fg=black}
-\newcommand{\emphbar}[1]
-{\begin{beamercolorbox}[rounded=true]{emphbar} 
-      {#1}
- \end{beamercolorbox}
-}
-\newcounter{time}
-\setcounter{time}{0}
-\newcommand{\inctime}[1]{\addtocounter{time}{#1}{\tiny \thetime\ m}}
-
-\newcommand{\typ}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
-
-\newcommand{\kwrd}[1]{ \texttt{\textbf{\color{blue}{#1}}}  }
-
-%%% This is from Fernando's setup.
-% \usepackage{color}
-% \definecolor{orange}{cmyk}{0,0.4,0.8,0.2}
-% % Use and configure listings package for nicely formatted code
-% \usepackage{listings}
-% \lstset{
-%    language=Python,
-%    basicstyle=\small\ttfamily,
-%    commentstyle=\ttfamily\color{blue},
-%    stringstyle=\ttfamily\color{orange},
-%    showstringspaces=false,
-%    breaklines=true,
-%    postbreak = \space\dots
-% }
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-% Title page
-\title[Basic Python]{Python,\\a great programming toolkit:\\
-numerics and plotting}
-
-\author[Asokan \& Prabhu] {Asokan Pichai\\Prabhu Ramachandran}
-
-\institute[IIT Bombay] {Department of Aerospace Engineering\\IIT Bombay}
-\date[] {26, July 2009}
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-%\pgfdeclareimage[height=0.75cm]{iitmlogo}{iitmlogo}
-%\logo{\pgfuseimage{iitmlogo}}
-
-
-%% Delete this, if you do not want the table of contents to pop up at
-%% the beginning of each subsection:
-\AtBeginSubsection[]
-{
-  \begin{frame}<beamer>
-    \frametitle{Outline}
-    \tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection]
-  \end{frame}
-}
-
-\AtBeginSection[]
-{
-  \begin{frame}<beamer>
-    \frametitle{Outline}
-    \tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection]
-  \end{frame}
-}
-
-% If you wish to uncover everything in a step-wise fashion, uncomment
-% the following command: 
-%\beamerdefaultoverlayspecification{<+->}
-
-%\includeonlyframes{current,current1,current2,current3,current4,current5,current6}
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-% DOCUMENT STARTS
-\begin{document}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \frametitle{Outline}
-  \tableofcontents
-\end{frame}
-\section{Pythonicity}
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
-    \frametitle{The Zen of Python}
-
-Try this!
-
-\begin{lstlisting}
->>> import this
-\end{lstlisting}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-    {Style Guide}
-    
-    Read PEP8
-
-    \url{http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/}
-
-    \inctime{10}
-\end{frame}
-\section{More Python Machinery}
-\subsection{Objects}
-\begin{frame}{Objects in Python}
-    \begin{itemize}
-        \item What is an Object? (Types and classes)
-        \item identity
-        \item type
-        \item method
-      \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
-  \frametitle{Why are they useful?}
-  \small
-  \begin{lstlisting}
-for element in (1, 2, 3):
-    print element
-for key in {'one':1, 'two':2}:
-    print key
-for char in "123":
-    print char
-for line in open("myfile.txt"):
-    print line
-for line in urllib2.urlopen('http://site.com'):
-    print line
-  \end{lstlisting}
-\end{frame}
-\begin{frame}{And the winner is \ldots OBJECTS!}
-  All objects providing a similar inteface can be used the same way.\\
-  Functions (and others) are first-class objects. Can be passed to and returned from functions.
-  \inctime{10}
-\end{frame}
-\subsection{Dictionary}
-\begin{frame}{Dictionary}
-  \begin{itemize}
-    \item aka associative arrays, key-value pairs, hashmaps, hashtables \ldots    
-    \item \typ{ d = \{ ``Hitchhiker's guide'' : 42, ``Terminator'' : ``I'll be back''\}}
-    \item lists and tuples index: 0 \ldots n
-    \item dictionaries index using strings
-    \item aka key-value pairs
-    \item what can be keys?
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-    
-\begin{frame}{Dict \ldots }
-  \begin{itemize}
-    \item \alert{Unordered}
-      \begin{block}{Standard usage}
-        for key in dict:\\
-            <use> dict[key] \# => value
-      \end{block}
-    \item \typ{d.keys()} returns a list
-    \item can we have duplicate keys?
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-\begin{frame} {Problem Set 2.1}
-  \begin{description}
-\item[2.1.1] You are given date strings of the form ``29, Jul 2009'', or ``4 January 2008''. In other words a number a string and another number, with a comma sometimes separating the items.Write a function that takes such a string and returns a tuple (yyyy, mm, dd) where all three elements are ints.
-    \item[2.1.2] Count word frequencies in a file.
-    \item[2.1.3] Find the most used Python keywords in your Python code (import keyword).
-\end{description}
-
-\inctime{20}
-\end{frame}
-
-\subsection{Set}
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
-  \frametitle{Set}
-    \begin{itemize}
-      \item Simplest container, mutable
-      \item No ordering, no duplicates
-      \item usual suspects: union, intersection, subset \ldots
-      \item >, >=, <, <=, in, \ldots
-    \end{itemize}
-    \begin{lstlisting}
-f10 = set([1,2,3,5,8])
-p10 = set([2,3,5,7])
-f10|p10, f10&p10
-f10-p10, p10-f10, f10^p10
-set([2,3]) < p10, set([2,3]) <= p10
-2 in p10, 4 in p10
-len(f10)
-\end{lstlisting}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \frametitle{Problem set 2.2}
-  \begin{description}
-    \item[2.2.1] Given a dictionary of the names of students and their marks, identify how many duplicate marks are there? and what are these?
-    \item[2.2.2] Given a string of the form ``4-7, 9, 12, 15'' find the numbers missing in this list for a given range.
-\end{description}
-\inctime{15}
-\end{frame}
-
-\subsection{Functions Reloaded!}
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
-    \frametitle{Advanced functions}
-    \begin{itemize}
-        \item default args
-        \item varargs
-        \item keyword args
-        \item scope
-        \item \typ{global}
-      \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
-  \frametitle{Functions: default arguments}
-  \begin{lstlisting}
-def ask_ok(prompt, retries=4, complaint='Yes or no!'):
-    while True:
-        ok = raw_input(prompt)
-        if ok in ('y', 'ye', 'yes'): 
-            return True
-        if ok in ('n', 'no', 'nop', 'nope'): 
-            return False
-        retries = retries - 1
-        if retries < 0: 
-            raise IOError, 'bad user'
-        print complaint
-  \end{lstlisting}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
-  \frametitle{Functions: keyword arguments}
-  \small
-  \begin{lstlisting}
-def parrot(voltage, state='a stiff', 
-           action='voom', type='Royal Blue'):
-    print "-- This parrot wouldn't", action,
-    print "if you supply", voltage, "Volts."
-    print "-- Lovely plumage, the", type
-    print "-- It's", state, "!"
-
-parrot(1000)
-parrot(action = 'VOOOOOM', voltage = 1000000)
-parrot('a thousand', state = 'pushing up the daisies')
-parrot('a million', 'bereft of life', 'jump')
-\end{lstlisting}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
-  \frametitle{Functions: arbitrary argument lists}
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item Arbitrary number of arguments using \verb+*args+ or
-    \verb+*whatever+
-  \item Keyword arguments using \verb+**kw+
-  \item Given a tuple/dict how do you call a function?
-    \begin{itemize}
-    \item Using argument unpacking
-    \item For positional arguments: \verb+foo(*[5, 10])+
-    \item For keyword args: \verb+foo(**{'a':5, 'b':10})+
-    \end{itemize}
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-  \begin{frame}[fragile]
-\begin{lstlisting}
-def foo(a=10, b=100):
-    print a, b
-def func(*args, **keyword):
-    print args, keyword
-# Unpacking:
-args = [5, 10]
-foo(*args)
-kw = {'a':5, 'b':10}
-foo(**kw)
-\end{lstlisting}
-    \inctime{15} 
-\end{frame}
-
-\subsection{Functional programming}
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
-    \frametitle{Functional programming}
-What is the basic idea?\\
-Why is it interesting?\\
-\typ{map, reduce, filter}\\
-list comprehension\\
-generators
-    \inctime{10} 
-\end{frame}
-\end{document}
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%