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%Tutorial slides on Python.

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% Author: FOSSEE 

% Copyright (c) 2009, FOSSEE, IIT Bombay

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% Title page

\title[Interactive Plotting]{Python for Science and Engg: Interactive Plotting}

\author[FOSSEE group] {FOSSEE}

\institute[IIT Bombay] {Department of Aerospace Engineering\\IIT Bombay}

\date[] {SciPy.in 2010, Tutorials}

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    \frametitle{Outline}

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% DOCUMENT STARTS

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}

  \maketitle

\end{frame}

%% \begin{frame}

%%   \frametitle{Outline}

%%   \tableofcontents

%%   % You might wish to add the option [pausesections]

%% \end{frame}

\section{Checklist}

\begin{frame}

\frametitle{Checklist}

  \begin{enumerate}

    \item IPython

    \item Editor - we recommend \alert{scite}

    \item Data files: 

      \begin{itemize}

      \item \typ{anag.txt}

      \item \typ{holmes.txt}

      \item \typ{pendulum.txt}

      \item \typ{pos.txt}

      \item \typ{sslc1.txt}

      \item \typ{primes.txt}

      \end{itemize}

    \item Images

      \begin{itemize}

      \item \typ{lena.png}

      \end{itemize}

  \end{enumerate}

\end{frame}

\section{Starting up IPython}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Starting up \ldots}

\begin{block}{}

\begin{lstlisting}

  $ ipython -pylab

\end{lstlisting} %$

\end{block}

\begin{lstlisting}     

  In []: print "Hello, World!"

  Hello, World!

\end{lstlisting}

Exiting

\begin{lstlisting}

  In []: ^D(Ctrl-D)

  Do you really want to exit([y]/n)? y

\end{lstlisting}

\end{frame}

\section{Plotting}

\subsection{Drawing plots}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{First Plot}

\begin{columns}

    \column{0.25\textwidth}

    \hspace*{-0.5in}

  \includegraphics[height=2in, interpolate=true]{data/firstplot}

    \column{0.8\textwidth}

    \begin{block}{}

    \begin{small}

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: x = linspace(0, 2*pi, 50)

In []: plot(x, sin(x))

\end{lstlisting}

    \end{small}

    \end{block}

\end{columns}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Walkthrough}

\begin{block}{\typ{x = linspace(start, stop, num)} }

returns \typ{num} evenly spaced points, in the interval [\typ{start}, \typ{stop}].

\end{block}

\begin{lstlisting}

x[0] = start

x[num - 1] = end

\end{lstlisting}

\vspace*{.35in}

\begin{block}{\typ{plot(x, y)}}

plots \typ{x} and \typ{y} using default line style and color

\end{block}

%\inctime{10}

\end{frame}

\subsection{Decoration}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Adding Labels}

\begin{columns}

  \column{0.25\textwidth}

  \hspace*{-0.45in}

  \includegraphics[height=2in, interpolate=true]{data/label}  

  \hspace*{0.5in}

  \column{0.55\textwidth}

  \begin{block}{}

  \small

  \begin{lstlisting}

In []: xlabel('x')

In []: ylabel('sin(x)')

  \end{lstlisting}

  \small

%  \end{lstlisting}

%\typ{xlabel(s)} sets the label of the \typ{x}-axis to \typ{s}

%  \begin{lstlisting}

  \end{block}

%\typ{ylabel(s)} sets the label of the \typ{y}-axis to \typ{s}

\end{columns}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Another example}

  \begin{lstlisting}

In []: clf()

  \end{lstlisting}

\emphbar{Clears the plot area.}

  \begin{lstlisting}

In []: y = linspace(0, 2*pi, 50)

In []: plot(y, sin(2*y))

In []: xlabel('y')

In []: ylabel('sin(2y)')

  \end{lstlisting}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Title}

\vspace*{-0.15in}

%  \begin{block}{}

%  \small

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: title('Sinusoids')

\end{lstlisting}

%  \small

%  \end{block}

  \vspace*{-0.1in}

  \begin{center}

  \includegraphics[height=2in, interpolate=true]{data/title}  

  \end{center}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Saving \& Closing}

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: savefig('sin.png')

In []: close()

\end{lstlisting}

Supported formats to store images:

\begin{itemize}

\item png

\item eps - Easy to embed in LaTeX files

\item emf

\item pdf

\item ps

\item raw

\item rgba

\item svg

\end{itemize}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{IPython tips \ldots}

\begin{itemize}

    \item Use \typ{TAB} to complete command 

\end{itemize}

        \vspace*{0.5in}

        {\Large \structure{History}}

\begin{itemize}

    \item Accesses history (also from past sessions)

    \item Up and down arrows (\typ{Ctrl-p}/\typ{Ctrl-n})

\end{itemize}

\end{frame}

\section{Multiple plots}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Overlaid Plots}

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: clf()

In []: plot(y, sin(y))

In []: plot(y, cos(y))

In []: xlabel('y')

In []: ylabel('f(y)')

\end{lstlisting}

\emphbar{By default plots would be overlaid!}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Legend}

\vspace*{-0.15in}

%  \begin{block}{}

%  \small

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: legend(['sin(y)', 'cos(y)']) 

\end{lstlisting}

%  \small

%  \end{block}

  \vspace*{-0.1in}

  \begin{center}

  \includegraphics[height=2in, interpolate=true]{data/legend}  

  \end{center}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Legend Placement}

\begin{block}{}

    \small

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: legend(['sin(y)', 'cos(y)'], loc='center')

\end{lstlisting}

\end{block}

\begin{columns}

    \column{0.6\textwidth}

 \includegraphics[height=2in, interpolate=true]{data/position}  

\column{0.45\textwidth}

\vspace{-0.2in}

\begin{lstlisting}

'best' 

'right'

'center'

\end{lstlisting}

\end{columns}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Plotting separate figures}

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: clf()

In []: figure(1)

In []: plot(y, sin(y))

In []: figure(2)

In []: plot(y, cos(y))

In []: savefig('cosine.png')

In []: figure(1)

In []: title('sin(y)')

In []: savefig('sine.png')

In []: close()

In []: close()

\end{lstlisting}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Showing it better}

\vspace{-0.15in}

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: plot(y, cos(y), 'r')

In []: clf()

In []: plot(y, sin(y), 'g', linewidth=2)

\end{lstlisting}

\vspace*{-0.2in}

\begin{center}

  \includegraphics[height=2.2in, interpolate=true]{data/green}  

\end{center}

%\inctime{10}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Annotating}

\vspace*{-0.15in}

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: annotate('local max', xy=(1.5, 1))

\end{lstlisting}

\vspace*{-0.2in}

\begin{center}

  \includegraphics[height=2in, interpolate=true]{data/annotate}  

\end{center}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Axes lengths}

\emphbar{Getting axes lengths}

  \begin{lstlisting}

In []: xmin, xmax = xlim() 

In []: ymin, ymax = ylim() 

In []: print xmin, xmax 

  \end{lstlisting}

\emphbar{Set the axes limits}

  \begin{lstlisting}

In []: xlim(xmin, 2*pi )

In []: ylim(ymin-0.2, ymax+0.2)

  \end{lstlisting}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

  \frametitle{Axes lengths}

  \begin{center}

    \includegraphics[height=3in, interpolate=true]{data/limits}

  \end{center}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{IPython tips \ldots}

\begin{itemize}

    \item Try:

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: plot?

\end{lstlisting}

        to get more information on \typ{plot} 

        \vspace*{0.5in}

    \item Try: 

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: plot??

\end{lstlisting}

    to see the source code for \typ{plot}

\end{itemize}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Review Problem}

\begin{enumerate}

\item Plot x, -x, sin(x), xsin(x) in range $-5\pi$ to $5\pi$

\item Add a legend

\item Annotate the origin

\item Set axes limits to the range of x

\end{enumerate}

\vspace*{-0.1in}

\begin{center}

  \includegraphics[height=2.1in, interpolate=true]{data/four_plot}  

\end{center}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Review Problem \ldots}

\alert{Plotting \ldots}

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: x = linspace(-5*pi, 5*pi, 500)

In []: plot(x, x, 'b')

In []: plot(x, -x, 'b')

In []: plot(x, sin(x), 'g', linewidth=2)

In []: plot(x, x*sin(x), 'r', 

            linewidth=3)

\end{lstlisting}

$\vdots$

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Review Problem \ldots}

\alert{Legend \& Annotation\ldots}

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: legend(['x', '-x', 'sin(x)', 

               'xsin(x)'])

In []: annotate('origin', xy = (0, 0))

\end{lstlisting}

\alert{Setting Axes limits\ldots}

\begin{lstlisting}

In []: xlim(-5*pi, 5*pi)

In []: ylim(-5*pi, 5*pi)

\end{lstlisting}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

\frametitle{Command History}

Use the \typ{\%hist} \alert{magic} command of IPython 

\typ{In []: \%hist}\\

This displays all the commands typed in so far aka Command History.

\begin{block}{Careful about errors!}

  \kwrd{\%hist} will contain the errors as well.\\

\end{block}

\begin{block}{Magic Commands?}

  Magic commands are commands provided by IPython to make our life easier.

\end{block}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]

  \frametitle{Saving commands into script}

Use the \typ{\%save} \alert{magic} command of IPython

\begin{block}{}