273 --------------------------- |
273 --------------------------- |
274 |
274 |
275 Emphasizing |
275 Emphasizing |
276 ~~~~~~~~~~~ |
276 ~~~~~~~~~~~ |
277 |
277 |
278 *Italic* font is generally used to emphasize text. The ``\emph`` command may be used to achive this effect in LaTeX. |
278 *Italic* font is generally used to emphasize text. The ``\emph`` command may be used to achieve this effect in LaTeX. |
279 :: |
279 :: |
280 |
280 |
281 This is the \emph{emphasized text}. |
281 This is the \emph{emphasized text}. |
282 |
282 |
283 If the ``\emph`` command is nested within another emphasize command, LaTeX emphasized that text using normal fonts. |
283 If the ``\emph`` command is nested within another emphasize command, LaTeX emphasized that text using normal fonts. |
323 |
323 |
324 The ``center`` environment generates centered text. |
324 The ``center`` environment generates centered text. |
325 |
325 |
326 Itemize, Enumerate, and Description |
326 Itemize, Enumerate, and Description |
327 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
327 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
328 LaTeX has three different enivronments for producing lists. Itemize, Enumerate and Description allow you to produce lists of various types in LaTeX. |
328 LaTeX has three different environments for producing lists. Itemize, Enumerate and Description allow you to produce lists of various types in LaTeX. |
329 |
329 |
330 Itemize is used to produce unnumbered lists. The bullets of the list can be easily changed to use any character. Enumerate environment allows you to produce auto-numbered lists. The description environment, allows you to produce a list of definitons. These environments can be nested within each other, easily. |
330 Itemize is used to produce unnumbered lists. The bullets of the list can be easily changed to use any character. Enumerate environment allows you to produce auto-numbered lists. The description environment, allows you to produce a list of definitions. These environments can be nested within each other, easily. |
331 |
331 |
332 :: |
332 :: |
333 |
333 |
334 \begin{itemize} |
334 \begin{itemize} |
335 \item Now we move onto some elementary \emph{Text Typesetting}. |
335 \item Now we move onto some elementary \emph{Text Typesetting}. |
398 \end{verbatim} |
398 \end{verbatim} |
399 |
399 |
400 from numpy import * |
400 from numpy import * |
401 a = linspace(0, 5, 50, endpoint = False) |
401 a = linspace(0, 5, 50, endpoint = False) |
402 |
402 |
403 To insert verbatim text inline, the ``\verb`` command can be used. |
403 To insert verbatim text in-line, the ``\verb`` command can be used. |
404 :: |
404 :: |
405 |
405 |
406 The verb command allows placing \verb|verbatim text| inline. |
406 The verb command allows placing \verb|verbatim text| in-line. |
407 |
407 |
408 The | is just an example of a delimiter character. You can use any character except letters, * or space. |
408 The | is just an example of a delimiter character. You can use any character except letters, * or space. |
409 |
409 |
410 Tables, Figures and Captions |
410 Tables, Figures and Captions |
411 ---------------------------- |
411 ---------------------------- |
477 |
477 |
478 ``keepaspectratio`` |
478 ``keepaspectratio`` |
479 This parameter can either be set to true or false. When set to true, the image is scaled according to both width and height, without changing the aspect ratio, so that it does not exceed both the width and the height dimensions. |
479 This parameter can either be set to true or false. When set to true, the image is scaled according to both width and height, without changing the aspect ratio, so that it does not exceed both the width and the height dimensions. |
480 |
480 |
481 ``scale=x`` |
481 ``scale=x`` |
482 Scale the image by a factor of ``x``. For eg. ``scale=2``, will double the image size. |
482 Scale the image by a factor of ``x``. For example, ``scale=2``, will double the image size. |
483 |
483 |
484 ``angle=x`` |
484 ``angle=x`` |
485 This option can be used to rotate the image by ``x`` degrees, counter-clockwise. |
485 This option can be used to rotate the image by ``x`` degrees, counter-clockwise. |
486 |
486 |
487 :: |
487 :: |
602 |
602 |
603 Each bibliography entry starts with a declaration of the type of the reference being mentioned. The reference is in the above example is of the book type. BibTeX has a wide range of reference types, for example, ``article, book, conference, manual, proceedings, unpublished``. |
603 Each bibliography entry starts with a declaration of the type of the reference being mentioned. The reference is in the above example is of the book type. BibTeX has a wide range of reference types, for example, ``article, book, conference, manual, proceedings, unpublished``. |
604 |
604 |
605 The type of reference is followed by a left curly brace, and immediately followed by the citation key. The citation key, ``Lamport94`` in the example above is used to cite this reference using the command ``\cite{Lamport94}``. |
605 The type of reference is followed by a left curly brace, and immediately followed by the citation key. The citation key, ``Lamport94`` in the example above is used to cite this reference using the command ``\cite{Lamport94}``. |
606 |
606 |
607 This is followed by the relevant fields and their values, listed one by one. Each entry must be followed by a comma to delemit one field from the other. |
607 This is followed by the relevant fields and their values, listed one by one. Each entry must be followed by a comma to delimit one field from the other. |
608 |
608 |
609 To get your LaTeX document to use the bibliography database, you just add the following lines to your LaTeX document. |
609 To get your LaTeX document to use the bibliography database, you just add the following lines to your LaTeX document. |
610 :: |
610 :: |
611 |
611 |
612 \bibliographystyle{plain} |
612 \bibliographystyle{plain} |
613 \bibliography{LaTeX} |
613 \bibliography{LaTeX} |
614 |
614 |
615 Bibliography styles are files that tell BibTeX how to format the information stored in the ``.bib`` database file. The style file for this example is ``plain.bst``. Note that you do not need to add the ``.bst`` extension to the filename. If you wish to achieve a particular style of listing the bibliography items and citing them, you should use an appropriate style file. |
615 Bibliography styles are files that tell BibTeX how to format the information stored in the ``.bib`` database file. The style file for this example is ``plain.bst``. Note that you do not need to add the ``.bst`` extension to the filename. If you wish to achieve a particular style of listing the bibliography items and citing them, you should use an appropriate style file. |
616 |
616 |
617 The ``bibliography`` command specifies the file that shoule be used as the database for references. The file used in this example is ``LaTeX.bib`` |
617 The ``bibliography`` command specifies the file that should be used as the database for references. The file used in this example is ``LaTeX.bib`` |
618 |
618 |
619 Compiling |
619 Compiling |
620 +++++++++ |
620 +++++++++ |
621 |
621 |
622 Adding BibTeX based references, slightly complicates the process of compiling the document to obtain the desired output. The exact workings of LaTeX and BibTeX will not be explained here. The procedure for obtaining the output (without any explanations) is as follows: |
622 Adding BibTeX based references, slightly complicates the process of compiling the document to obtain the desired output. The exact workings of LaTeX and BibTeX will not be explained here. The procedure for obtaining the output (without any explanations) is as follows: |
661 |
661 |
662 Exponents and subscripts can be typeset using the carat ``^`` and the underscore ``_`` respectively. Most of the math mode commands act only on the next character. If you want a command to affect several characters, they need to be enclosed in curly braces. |
662 Exponents and subscripts can be typeset using the carat ``^`` and the underscore ``_`` respectively. Most of the math mode commands act only on the next character. If you want a command to affect several characters, they need to be enclosed in curly braces. |
663 |
663 |
664 The ``\sqrt`` command is used to typeset the square root symbol. LaTeX of the root sign is determined automatically. The nth root is generated with ``\sqrt[n]``. |
664 The ``\sqrt`` command is used to typeset the square root symbol. LaTeX of the root sign is determined automatically. The nth root is generated with ``\sqrt[n]``. |
665 |
665 |
666 To explicitly show a multiplication a dot may be shown. ``\cdot`` could be used, which typesets the dot to the centre. ``\cdots`` is three centered dots while ``\ldots`` sets the dots on the baseline. Besides that ``\vdots`` for vertical and ``\ddots`` can be used for diagonal dots. |
666 To explicitly show a multiplication a dot may be shown. ``\cdot`` could be used, which typesets the dot to the center. ``\cdots`` is three centered dots while ``\ldots`` sets the dots on the baseline. Besides that ``\vdots`` for vertical and ``\ddots`` can be used for diagonal dots. |
667 |
667 |
668 A fraction can be typeset with the command ``\frac{..}{..}`` |
668 A fraction can be typeset with the command ``\frac{..}{..}`` |
669 |
669 |
670 The integral operator is generated with ``\int``, the sum operator with ``\sum``, and the product operator with ``\prod``. The upper and lower limits are specified with ``^`` and ``_`` like subscripts and superscripts. |
670 The integral operator is generated with ``\int``, the sum operator with ``\sum``, and the product operator with ``\prod``. The upper and lower limits are specified with ``^`` and ``_`` like subscripts and superscripts. |
671 |
671 |
784 |
784 |
785 This command includes the first 20 lines of the file ``lstexample.py`` into out LaTeX document. |
785 This command includes the first 20 lines of the file ``lstexample.py`` into out LaTeX document. |
786 |
786 |
787 Including files |
787 Including files |
788 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
788 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
789 When working on a large document, it is convinient sometimes, to split the large file into smaller input files and club them together at the time of compiling. |
789 When working on a large document, it is convenient sometimes, to split the large file into smaller input files and club them together at the time of compiling. |
790 |
790 |
791 The ``\input`` or ``\include`` commands may be used to embed one LaTeX file into another. The ``\input`` command is equivalent to a copy and paste of the document, just before the compilation. The ``\include`` command is exactly similar, except for the fact that it creates a new page every time it is issued. |
791 The ``\input`` or ``\include`` commands may be used to embed one LaTeX file into another. The ``\input`` command is equivalent to a copy and paste of the document, just before the compilation. The ``\include`` command is exactly similar, except for the fact that it creates a new page every time it is issued. |
792 |
792 |
793 ``\input{file}`` or ``\include{file}`` commands will include the file ``file1.tex`` with in the file where the command has been issued. Note that you do not need to specify the ``.tex`` extension of the file. |
793 ``\input{file}`` or ``\include{file}`` commands will include the file ``file1.tex`` with in the file where the command has been issued. Note that you do not need to specify the ``.tex`` extension of the file. |
794 |
794 |
797 A note on filenames |
797 A note on filenames |
798 +++++++++++++++++++ |
798 +++++++++++++++++++ |
799 |
799 |
800 Never use filenames or directories that contain spaces. Make filenames as long or short as you would like, but strictly avoid spaces. Stick to upper or lower case letters (without accents), the digits, the hyphen and the full stop or period. |
800 Never use filenames or directories that contain spaces. Make filenames as long or short as you would like, but strictly avoid spaces. Stick to upper or lower case letters (without accents), the digits, the hyphen and the full stop or period. |
801 |
801 |
802 -------------------------------------------------------- |
802 |
803 |
803 |
804 Acknowledgements, Attributions |
804 Recommended Reading |
805 ------------------------------ |
805 =================== |
806 |
806 |
807 1. *LaTeX Wikibook* |
807 1. *LaTeX Wikibook* |
808 |
808 |
809 2. *The Not So Short Introduction to LaTeX2e* by Tobias Oetikar et al.. |
809 2. *The Not So Short Introduction to LaTeX2e* by Tobias Oetikar et al.. |
810 |
810 |
811 3. http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/l2tabu/english/ |
811 |
812 .. LocalWords: LaTeX WYSIWG WYSIWM pdf |
812 |
813 |
813 |
814 |
814 |
815 |
815 |
816 |
816 .. LocalWords: LaTeX Lamport tex documentclass pdf pdflatex dvi topmatter ToC |
817 |
817 .. LocalWords: FOSSEE tocdepth addcontentsline toc emph |