1 \documentclass[english]{beamer}

     2 

     3 % generated by Docutils <http://docutils.sourceforge.net/>

     4 \usepackage{fixltx2e} % LaTeX patches, \textsubscript

     5 \usepackage{cmap} % fix search and cut-and-paste in PDF

     6 \usepackage{babel}

     7 \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

     8 \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}

     9 \usepackage{listings}

    10 \usepackage{amsmath}

    11 \lstset{

    12   language=TeX,

    13   basicstyle=\small\ttfamily,

    14   commentstyle=\ttfamily\color{blue},

    15   stringstyle=\ttfamily\color{orange},

    16   showstringspaces=false,

    17   breaklines=true,

    18   postbreak = \space\dots

    19 }

    20 

    21 \usepackage{ifthen}

    22 \usepackage{longtable}

    23 \usepackage{array}

    24 \setlength{\extrarowheight}{2pt}

    25 \newlength{\DUtablewidth} % internal use in tables

    26 

    27 \mode<presentation>

    28 {

    29   \usetheme{Warsaw}

    30   \useoutertheme{infolines}

    31   \setbeamercovered{transparent}

    32 }

    33 

    34 

    35 \title{\LaTeX}

    36 \author[FOSSEE] {FOSSEE}

    37 \institute[IIT Bombay] {Department of Aerospace Engineering\\IIT

    38   Bombay}

    39 \date{}

    40 

    41 %% Delete this, if you do not want the table of contents to pop up at

    42 %% the beginning of each subsection:

    43 \AtBeginSubsection[]

    44 {

    45   \begin{frame}<beamer>

    46     \frametitle{Outline}

    47     \tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection]

    48   \end{frame}

    49 }

    50 

    51 \AtBeginSection[]

    52 {

    53   \begin{frame}<beamer>

    54     \frametitle{Outline}

    55     \tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection]

    56   \end{frame}

    57 }

    58 

    59 \begin{document}

    60 

    61 % Document title

    62 \begin{frame}

    63   \maketitle  

    64 \end{frame}

    65 

    66 \section{Introduction}

    67 

    68 \begin{frame}

    69   \frametitle{\LaTeX~- Introduction}

    70   \begin{itemize}

    71   \item Typesetting program

    72   \item Excellently Typeset Documents - specially Math

    73   \item Anything from one page articles to books. 

    74   \item Based on \TeX

    75   \item Pronounced ``Lah-tech'' or ``Lay-tech''

    76   \end{itemize}

    77 \end{frame}

    78 

    79 \begin{frame}

    80   \frametitle{This Course}

    81   \begin{itemize}

    82   \item Look at Sample document - \texttt{sample.pdf}

    83   \item The document will be produced by the end of the course. 

    84   \item First Hour - Basic Structure

    85   \item Second Hour - Text, Tables, Figures, References

    86   \item Third Hour - Math, Bibliography, Presentations

    87   \end{itemize}

    88 \end{frame}

    89 

    90 

    91 \begin{frame}

    92   \frametitle{A Look at the Sample Document}

    93   \begin{itemize}

    94   \item Title, Author, Date

    95   \item Abstract

    96   \item Sections

    97   \item Subsections

    98   \item Appendix

    99   \item References/Bibliography

   100   \item Tables

   101   \item Figures

   102   \item Math

   103   \end{itemize}

   104 \end{frame}

   105 

   106 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   107   \frametitle{The source \& compilation}

   108   Write the following code into the file \texttt{draft.tex}.

   109   \begin{lstlisting}

   110     \documentclass{article}

   111     \begin{document}

   112     SciPy is open-source software for mathematics, 

   113     science, and engineering.   

   114     \end{document}

   115   \end{lstlisting}

   116   To compile the document, do the following in your terminal: 

   117   \begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]

   118     $ pdflatex draft.tex

   119   \end{lstlisting}

   120   This produces the output file \texttt{draft.pdf} %%$

   121   Note: \texttt{latex} command is often used to get \texttt{dvi}

   122   output. Throughout this course, we shall use \texttt{pdflatex} to

   123   compile our documents to \texttt{pdf} output.

   124 \end{frame}  

   125 

   126 \section{Structure of the Document}

   127 

   128 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   129   \frametitle{\lstinline+documentclass+}

   130   \begin{itemize}

   131   \item \LaTeX~typesets based on \lstinline{documentclass}

   132   \item Defines structure and formatting of a document

   133   \item \LaTeX~is a document based mark-up

   134   \item Mark-up --- a system of annotating text, adding extra

   135     information to specify structure and presentation of text

   136   \item Document based markup $\rightarrow$ you don't have to worry

   137     about each element individually 

   138   \item Allows you to focus on content, rather than appearance.

   139   \end{itemize}

   140 \end{frame}

   141 

   142 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   143   \frametitle{Environments and Commands}

   144   \lstinline{document} is an environment, present in every document. 

   145   \begin{itemize}

   146   \item Environments

   147     \begin{itemize}

   148     \item \lstinline{\begin} and \lstinline{\end} define the beginning

   149       and end of an environment

   150     \item All the content of the document is placed inside the

   151       \lstinline{document} environment 

   152     \end{itemize}

   153   \item Commands

   154     \begin{itemize}

   155     \item All commands begin with \textbackslash

   156     \item They are case-sensitive

   157     \item Only alpha caracthers; other characters terminate commands

   158     \end{itemize}

   159   \end{itemize}

   160 \end{frame}

   161 

   162 

   163 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   164   \frametitle{Top Matter}

   165   Let's add the Title, Author's name and the date to the document.

   166   \begin{itemize}

   167   \item Add title, author and date. Compile. Nothing changes.

   168   \end{itemize}

   169   \begin{lstlisting}

   170     \title{A Glimpse at Scipy}

   171     \author{FOSSEE}

   172     \date{June 2010}

   173   \end{lstlisting}

   174   \tiny{See \texttt{hg} rev1 of draft.}

   175 \end{frame}

   176 

   177 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   178   \frametitle{Top Matter \ldots}

   179   \begin{itemize}

   180   \item \lstinline{\maketitle} command inserts the top-matter.

   181   \item Compile again. 

   182   \item If no date is specified, today's date is automatically

   183     inserted.

   184   \end{itemize}

   185   \begin{lstlisting}

   186     \begin{document}

   187     \maketitle

   188     SciPy is open-source software for mathematics, science, and engineering.   

   189     \end{document}

   190    \end{lstlisting}

   191   \tiny{See \texttt{hg} rev2 of draft.}

   192 \end{frame}

   193 

   194 

   195 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   196   \frametitle{Abstract}

   197   \begin{itemize}

   198   \item The abstract environment is placed at the location where it's

   199     put in the source. 

   200   \end{itemize}

   201   \begin{lstlisting}

   202     \begin{abstract}

   203       This document shows a glimpse of the features of Scipy that will

   204       be explored during this course.

   205     \end{abstract}

   206   \end{lstlisting}

   207   \tiny See rev3 of \texttt{hg}

   208 \end{frame}

   209 

   210 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   211   \frametitle{Sectioning}

   212   \begin{itemize}

   213   \item \lstinline{\section}, \lstinline{\subsection}

   214     \lstinline{\subsubsection}

   215   \item Auto numbered sections!

   216   \item \* to prevent numbering of a section

   217   \end{itemize}

   218   \begin{lstlisting}

   219     \section{A Glimpse of Scipy functions}

   220     \subsection{Matrix Operations}

   221     \subsubsection{Inverse}

   222   \end{lstlisting}

   223   \tiny See rev4 of \texttt{hg}

   224 \end{frame}

   225 

   226 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   227   \frametitle{Sectioning \ldots}

   228   \begin{itemize}

   229   \item Longer documents, use \lstinline{report} or \lstinline{book}

   230     class

   231   \item Chapter can be added using \lstinline{\chapter}

   232   \end{itemize}

   233   \begin{lstlisting}

   234     \documentclass{report}

   235 

   236     \chapter{One}

   237   \end{lstlisting}

   238   \begin{itemize}

   239   \item subsections do not get numbering

   240   \item Change \lstinline{secnumdepth}

   241   \end{itemize}

   242   \begin{lstlisting}

   243     \setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}

   244   \end{lstlisting}

   245    \tiny See rev5 of \texttt{hg}

   246 \end{frame}

   247 

   248 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   249   \frametitle{Appendices}

   250   \begin{itemize}

   251   \item Anything following the \lstinline{\appendix} command is added

   252     to the Appendix. 

   253   \end{itemize}

   254   \begin{lstlisting}

   255     \appendix

   256     

   257     \section{Plotting using Pylab}

   258   \end{lstlisting}

   259   \tiny See rev7 of \texttt{hg}

   260 \end{frame}

   261 

   262 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   263   \frametitle{Table of Contents [TOC]}

   264   \begin{itemize}

   265   \item Our document is short, but let's learn to add a TOC.

   266   \item Add \lstinline{\tableofcontents} where you want TOC to

   267     appear.

   268   \item Compile. 

   269   \item Only headings appear. No page numbers. 

   270   \item A \lstinline{\.toc} file is generated. 

   271   \item Re-compile.

   272   \item Any numbered section/block automatically appears

   273   \end{itemize}

   274   \tiny See rev8 of \texttt{hg}

   275 \end{frame}

   276 

   277 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   278   \frametitle{TOC \ldots}

   279   \begin{itemize}

   280   \item To add un-numbered sections, use \lstinline{\addcontentsline}

   281   \end{itemize}

   282   \begin{lstlisting}

   283     \section*{Introduction}

   284     \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Intro}

   285   \end{lstlisting}

   286   \tiny See rev9 of \texttt{hg}

   287 \end{frame}

   288 

   289 \begin{frame}

   290   \frametitle{Bibliography}

   291   We shall look at Bibliographies, later in the course. 

   292 \end{frame}

   293 

   294 \section{Typesetting Text}

   295 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   296   \frametitle{Line breaks, Paragraphs}

   297   \begin{itemize}

   298   \item Add the text of second paragraph in the introduction section. 

   299   \item Compile. 

   300   \item An empty line starts a new para

   301   \item New paragraphs are indented

   302   \item Multiple spaces or empty lines are considered as one

   303   \item To start a new line \lstinline{\\} or \lstinline{\newline}

   304   \end{itemize}

   305   \tiny See rev10 of \texttt{hg}

   306 \end{frame}

   307 

   308 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   309   \frametitle{Quotation Marks}

   310   \begin{itemize}

   311   \item The quotation marks around Sigh Pie are not formatted properly

   312   \item Use \`~ (accent) for left quote

   313   \item Use \'~ (apostrophe) for right quote

   314   \item For double quotes, use them twice

   315   \end{itemize}

   316   \begin{center}

   317     \`~\`~Sigh Pie\'~\'~

   318   \end{center}

   319   \tiny See rev11 of \texttt{hg}

   320 \end{frame}

   321 

   322 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   323   \frametitle{Fonts - Emphasis, Fixed width, \ldots}

   324   \begin{itemize}

   325   \item \lstinline{\emph} gives emphasized or italic text

   326   \item \LaTeX environments can be nested

   327   \item Let's add sub-package names as text, before learning to

   328     typeset tables

   329   \item Note multiple spacing won't work

   330   \end{itemize}

   331   \begin{lstlisting}

   332     Subpackage - Description\\

   333     cluster - Clustering algorithms\\

   334     constants - Physical and mathematical constants\\

   335     fftpack - Fast Fourier Transform routines\\

   336   \end{lstlisting}

   337   \begin{center}

   338     \hspace{1in}\vdots

   339   \end{center}

   340   \tiny See rev12 of \texttt{hg}

   341 \end{frame}

   342 

   343 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   344   \frametitle{Fonts - Emphasis, Fixed width, \ldots}

   345   \begin{itemize}

   346   \item Use \lstinline{\texttt} for sub-packages names - fixed width

   347   \item \lstinline{\textbf} for bold face

   348   \item \lstinline{-} can be replaced with \lstinline{--} or

   349     \lstinline{---} for better formatting

   350   \end{itemize}

   351   \begin{lstlisting}

   352     \textbf{Subpackage} --- \textbf{Description}\\

   353     \texttt{cluster} --- Clustering algorithms\\

   354     \texttt{constants} --- Physical and mathematical constants\\

   355     \texttt{fftpack} --- Fast Fourier Transform routines\\

   356   \end{lstlisting}

   357   \begin{center}

   358     \hspace{1in}\vdots

   359   \end{center}

   360   \tiny See rev13 of \texttt{hg}

   361 \end{frame}

   362 

   363 \subsection{Lists}

   364 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   365   \frametitle{Lists}

   366   \begin{itemize}

   367   \item \lstinline{enumerate} environment is used for numbered lists

   368   \item \lstinline{itemize} environment gives un-numbered lists

   369   \item Each item in the list is specified using \lstinline{\item}

   370   \item Nested lists are also easily handled, as expected

   371   \item Example on next slide

   372   \end{itemize}

   373   \tiny See rev14 of \texttt{hg}

   374 \end{frame}

   375 

   376 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   377   \frametitle{Lists \ldots}

   378   \begin{lstlisting}

   379     \begin{enumerate}

   380     \item Plotting

   381     \item Matrix Operations

   382       \begin{itemize}

   383       \item Inverse

   384       \end{itemize}

   385     \item Solving Equations

   386       \begin{itemize}

   387       \item System of Linear equations

   388       \end{itemize}

   389     \item Integration 

   390       \begin{itemize}

   391       \item Quadrature

   392       \item ODEs

   393       \end{itemize}

   394     \end{enumerate}

   395   \end{lstlisting}

   396 \end{frame}

   397 

   398 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   399   \frametitle{Footnotes}

   400   \begin{itemize}

   401   \item Add footnote for \lstinline{pylab}

   402   \item It's easily done using \lstinline{\footnote} command 

   403   \end{itemize}

   404   \begin{lstlisting}

   405     Plotting \footnote{using \texttt{pylab} - see Appendix A} 

   406   \end{lstlisting}

   407   \begin{itemize}

   408   \item We have just written down the name of the appendix

   409   \item But if another section is added before it, the reference has

   410     to be changed

   411   \item \LaTeX provides labels and references

   412   \end{itemize}

   413   \tiny See rev15 of \texttt{hg}

   414 \end{frame}

   415 

   416 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   417   \frametitle{Labels and References}

   418   \begin{itemize}

   419   \item First add a label to the section that we wish to refer to

   420   \item \lstinline+\label{labelname}+

   421   \item Change footnote to use the reference

   422   \item \lstinline+\ref{labelname}+

   423   \item Compile twice

   424   \end{itemize}

   425   \begin{lstlisting}

   426     \section{Plotting using Pylab}\label{mpl}

   427 

   428     Plotting \footnote{using \texttt{pylab} - see Appendix \ref{mpl}} 

   429   \end{lstlisting}

   430   \tiny See rev15 of \texttt{hg}

   431 \end{frame}

   432 

   433 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   434   \frametitle{Including code}

   435   \begin{itemize}

   436   \item Instead of using \lstinline{\texttt} we could use

   437     \lstinline{\verbatim} 

   438   \item \lstinline{listings} is a powerful package

   439   \item \lstinline+\usepackage{listings}+ needs to be added 

   440   \item Tell \LaTeX the language, you are going to use

   441   \end{itemize}

   442   \begin{lstlisting}

   443     \usepackage{listings} 

   444     \lstset{language=Python,

   445       basicstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,

   446       showstringspaces=false}

   447   \end{lstlisting}

   448   \tiny See rev16 of \texttt{hg}

   449 \end{frame}

   450 

   451 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   452   \frametitle{Including code}

   453   \begin{itemize}

   454   \item Use \lstinline{lstlisting} for a block of code

   455   \item \lstinline+\lstinline+ for inline code

   456   \item Let's add the code to Appendix

   457   \end{itemize}

   458   \begin{lstlisting}

   459     \begin{lstlisting.}

   460       In []: x = linspace(0, 2*pi, 50)

   461       In []: plot(x, sin(x))

   462       In []: title('Sine Curve between 0 and $\pi$')

   463       In []: legend(['sin(x)'])

   464     \end{lstlisting.}

   465   \end{lstlisting}

   466   \tiny See rev16 of \texttt{hg}

   467 \end{frame}

   468 

   469 \section{Figures, Tables \& Floats}

   470 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   471   \frametitle{Figures}

   472   \begin{itemize}

   473   \item Let's add the figure in the Appendix

   474   \item \lstinline+\usepackage{graphicx}+

   475   \item To add a graphic, use \lstinline{\includegraphics} command

   476   \item We give the relative path to the \lstinline+.png+ image

   477   \end{itemize}

   478   \begin{lstlisting}

   479     \usepackage{graphicx}

   480     

   481     \begin{figure}[h!]

   482     \begin{center}

   483       \includegraphics[scale=0.4]{../sine.png}      

   484     \end{center}

   485     \caption{Sine Curve}

   486     \label{fig:sin}

   487     \end{figure}

   488   \end{lstlisting}

   489 

   490   \tiny See rev17 of \texttt{hg}

   491 \end{frame}

   492 

   493 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   494   \frametitle{\lstinline{includgraphics}}

   495   It takes following optional arguments

   496   \begin{itemize}

   497   \item \lstinline+scale+ --- specifies the factor by which to scale

   498     the image 

   499   \item \lstinline+height+, \lstinline+width+ --- If only one of them

   500     is specified, aspect ratio is maintained 

   501   \item \lstinline+keepaspectratio+ --- boolean value to keep aspect

   502     ratio or not 

   503   \item \lstinline+angle+ --- specify by what angle the image should

   504     be rotated 

   505   \end{itemize}

   506 \end{frame}

   507 

   508 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   509   \frametitle{Floats}

   510   \begin{itemize}

   511   \item Graphics (\& Tables) are special because they cannot be broken

   512     across pages 

   513   \item They are ``floated'' to the next page, if they don't fit in

   514     the current page 

   515   \item Enclose graphic within \lstinline+figure+ environment to make

   516     it float 

   517   \item Figure environment takes additional parameter for location of

   518     float 

   519   \end{itemize}

   520   \begin{table}

   521     \caption{Permission Specifiers}

   522     

   523     \begin{tabular}{|c|c|}

   524       Specifier & Permission\\\hline

   525       t & Top of page\\

   526       b & Bottom of page\\

   527       p & Separate page for floats\\

   528       h & here (the same place where command appears in source)\\

   529       ! & override \LaTeX's internal parameters for good position

   530     \end{tabular}

   531   \end{table}

   532 \end{frame}

   533 

   534 \begin{frame}

   535   \frametitle{Captions and References}

   536   \begin{itemize}

   537   \item Figure environment allows us add a caption

   538   \item To place the image in the center we enclose it in the

   539     \lstinline+center+ environment 

   540   \item We can label images too

   541   \item label shoule be added after the caption command

   542   \item Figures are auto numbered

   543   \end{itemize}

   544   \tiny See rev17 of \texttt{hg}

   545 \end{frame}

   546 

   547 \subsection{Tables}

   548 

   549 \begin{frame}[frame]

   550   \frametitle{Tables}

   551   \begin{itemize}

   552   \item \lstinline+tabular+ is used to typeset a table

   553   \item It is enclosed in a \lstinline+table+ environment to make it a

   554     float 

   555   \item \lstinline+table+ environment also gives captions, auto

   556     numbering  

   557   \end{itemize}

   558 \end{frame}

   559 

   560 

   561 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   562   \frametitle{\lstinline+tabular+}

   563   \begin{itemize}

   564   \item tabular takes formatting of each column as argument

   565   \end{itemize}

   566 

   567   \begin{table}

   568     \caption{tabular environment}

   569     

   570     \begin{tabular}{|l|l|}

   571       \lstinline+l+ & left justified column content\\\hline

   572       \lstinline+r+ & right justified column content\\\hline

   573       \lstinline+c+ & centered column content\\\hline

   574       \lstinline+|+ & produces a vertical line\\

   575     \end{tabular}

   576   \end{table}

   577   \begin{itemize}

   578   \item also takes an optional parameter for specifying position of

   579     table 

   580   \item \lstinline+t+ for top, \lstinline+b+ for bottom, \lstinline+c+

   581     for center 

   582   \item each column of table is separated by \&

   583   \item each row is separated by newline \lstinline{\\}

   584   \item \lstinline+\hline+ give a horizontal line between two rows

   585   \end{itemize}

   586   \tiny See rev18 of \texttt{hg}

   587 \end{frame}

   588 

   589 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   590   \frametitle{\lstinline+tabular+ \ldots}

   591   \begin{lstlisting}

   592     \begin{table}

   593       \caption{Sub-packages available in Scipy}

   594       \label{subpkg}

   595       \begin{tabular}{|l|l|}

   596         \hline

   597         \textbf{Subpackage} & \textbf{Description}\\

   598         \texttt{constants} & Physical and mathematical constants\\

   599         \hline

   600         \texttt{fftpack} & Fast Fourier Transform routines\\

   601         \hline

   602         \end{tabular}

   603       \end{table}

   604     \end{lstlisting}

   605 \end{frame}

   606 

   607 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   608   \frametitle{List of Tables, Figures}

   609   \begin{itemize}

   610   \item \lstinline+listoftables+

   611   \item \lstinline+listoffigures+

   612   \end{itemize}

   613 \end{frame}

   614 

   615 

   616 \section{Typesetting Math}

   617 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   618   \frametitle{Math in \LaTeX}

   619   \begin{itemize}

   620   \item Math is enclosed in a pair of \lstinline{$} signs o

   621     \lstinline+\(  \)+ %$

   622   \item Used for typesetting inline Math. 

   623   \item \lstinline+\usepackage{amsmath}+

   624   \item Let's now move on to matrices. 

   625   \end{itemize}

   626 \end{frame}

   627 

   628 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   629   \frametitle{Matrices}

   630   \begin{itemize}

   631   \item \lstinline+\bmatrix+ is used to typeset the matrix A

   632   \item It works similar to ta tabular environment

   633   \item \lstinline+&+ for demarcating columns

   634   \item \lstinline+\\+ for demwarcating rows

   635   \end{itemize}

   636   \begin{lstlisting}

   637     Let $\mathbf{A}$ be the matrix 

   638     \(

   639     \begin{bmatrix}

   640       1 &3 &5\\

   641       2 &5 &1\\

   642       2 &3 &8

   643     \end{bmatrix}

   644     \)

   645   \end{lstlisting}

   646   \tiny See rev19 of \texttt{hg}    

   647 \end{frame}

   648 

   649 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   650   \frametitle{Matrices \ldots}

   651   \begin{itemize}

   652   \item There are 5 other matrix environments 

   653   \end{itemize}

   654   \begin{table}

   655     \center

   656     \begin{tabular}{c|c}

   657       \lstinline+matrix+  &  none\\

   658       \lstinline+pmatrix+ &  \lstinline+(+\\

   659       \lstinline+Bmatrix+ &  \lstinline+{+\\

   660         \lstinline+vmatrix+ &  \lstinline+|+\\  

   661         \lstinline+Vmatrix+ &  \lstinline+||+

   662     \end{tabular}

   663   \end{table}

   664 \end{frame}

   665 

   666 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   667   \frametitle{Superscripts \& Subscripts}

   668   \begin{itemize}

   669   \item \lstinline+^+ for superscripts

   670   \item To have multiple characters as sub/superscript, enclose in

   671     \lstinline+{ }+

   672   \item \lstinline+_+ for subscripts

   673   \end{itemize}

   674 \end{frame}

   675 

   676 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   677   \frametitle{Summation \& integration}

   678   \begin{itemize}

   679   \item \lstinline+\sum+ command gives the summation symbol

   680   \item The upper and lower limits are specified using the

   681     \lstinline+^+ and \lstinline+_+ symbols. 

   682   \item Similarly the integral symbol is obtained using

   683     \lstinline+\int+ command. 

   684   \end{itemize}

   685 \end{frame}

   686 

   687 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   688   \frametitle{\lstinline+displayed+ math}

   689   \begin{itemize}

   690   \item The equation in Determinants section is different. 

   691   \item It is a displayed equation. 

   692   \item \LaTeX~ or \lstinline+amsmath+ has a number of environments

   693     for ``displaying'' equations, with minor differences. 

   694   \item In general, enclose math in \lstinline+\[+ and \lstinline+\]+

   695     to get displayed math. 

   696   \item \lstinline+\begin*{equation}+ is equivalent to this.

   697   \item Use \lstinline+\begin{equation}+ to get numbered

   698     equations. %%\end{equation} 

   699   \end{itemize}

   700   \begin{lstlisting}

   701     \[ \left|\mathbf{A}\right|=\sum_{j}\left(-1\right)^{i+j}a_{ij}\mathbf{M}_{ij} \]

   702   \end{lstlisting}

   703   \tiny See rev20 of \texttt{hg}    

   704 \end{frame}

   705 

   706 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   707   \frametitle{Groups of equations}

   708   \begin{itemize}

   709   \item The \lstinline+equation+ environment allows typesetting of

   710     just 1 equation. 

   711   \item \lstinline+eqnarray+ allows typesetting of multiple equations 

   712   \item It is similar to the \lstinline+table+ environment

   713   \item The parts of the equation that need to be aligned are

   714     indicated using \& symbol.

   715   \item Each equation is separated by a \lstinline+\newline+ command

   716   \end{itemize}

   717   \begin{lstlisting}

   718     \begin{eqnarray*}

   719       x^3 - 2x^2 - \frac{1}{2}x + 1 = 0\\

   720       x^2(x-2) - \frac{1}{2}(x-2) = 0\\

   721       (x-2)(x^2 - \frac{1}{2}) = 0\\

   722       (x-2)(x - \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}})(x + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}) = 0

   723     \end{eqnarray*}    

   724   \end{lstlisting}

   725   \tiny See rev21, 22 of \texttt{hg}    

   726 \end{frame}

   727 

   728 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   729   \frametitle{Fractions \& Surds}

   730   \begin{itemize}

   731   \item Fractions are typeset using \lstinline+\frac+ command 

   732   \item \lstinline+\frac{numerator}{denominator}+ is typeset as

   733     $\frac{numerator}{denominator}$

   734   \item Surds are typeset using \lstinline+\sqrt[n]+ command

   735   \end{itemize}

   736 \end{frame}

   737 

   738 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   739   \frametitle{Greek characters \& Spacing}

   740   \begin{itemize}

   741   \item Typesetting Greek characters is simple

   742   \item \lstinline+\alpha+, \lstinline+\beta+, \lstinline+\gamma+,

   743     \ldots \lstinline+\Alpha+, \lstinline+\Beta+, \lstinline+\Gamma+

   744     \ldots 

   745   \item To get additional spacing in Math environments ---

   746 \begin{center}

   747 \begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}

   748 \hline

   749  Abbrev. & Spelled out & Example  \\

   750 \hline

   751  \lstinline+\,+ & \lstinline+\thinspace+ & $A\,B$ \\

   752 \hline

   753  \lstinline+\:+ & \lstinline+\medspace+ & $A\:B$ \\

   754 \hline

   755  \lstinline+\;+ & \lstinline+\thickspace+ & $A\;B$ \\

   756 \hline

   757    & \lstinline+\quad+ & $A \quad B$ \\

   758 \hline

   759    & \lstinline+\qquad+ & $A \qquad B$ \\

   760 \hline

   761  \lstinline+\!+ & \lstinline+\negthinspace+ & $A!B$ \\

   762 \hline

   763    & \lstinline+\negmedspace+ & $A \negmedspace B$ \\

   764 \hline

   765    & \lstinline+\negthickspace+ & $A \negthickspace B$ \\

   766 \hline

   767 

   768 \end{tabular}

   769 \end{center}

   770   \end{itemize}

   771 \end{frame}

   772 

   773 \section{Bibliography}

   774 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   775   \frametitle{Bibliography}

   776   \begin{itemize}

   777   \item \lstinline+thebibliography+ environment provides a clean and

   778     simple way to add a bibliography to \LaTeX documents. 

   779   \item \lstinline+\begin{thebibliography}+ takes as argument the

   780     maximum with of the label that references will have. 

   781   \item Each item of the Bibliography is similar to an item in a

   782     list. 

   783   \item \lstinline+\bibitem[label]{name}+ followed by the actual

   784     reference info. 

   785   \item label replaces auto enumeration numbers 

   786   \item \lstinline+\cite{name}+ is used to \lstinline+cite+ the

   787     \lstinline+bibitem+ 

   788   \item You will need to compile twice. 

   789   \end{itemize}

   790 \end{frame}

   791 

   792 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   793   \frametitle{Bibliography}

   794   \begin{lstlisting}

   795     \begin{thebibliography}{9}

   796     \bibitem{scipy} 

   797       Eric Jones and Travis Oliphant and Pearu Peterson and others,

   798       \emph{SciPy: Open source scientific tools for Python}, 2001 -- , 

   799       \url{http://www.scipy.org/} 

   800   \end{lstlisting}

   801   \tiny See rev23 of \texttt{hg}    

   802 \end{frame}

   803 

   804 \section{Presentations - Beamer}

   805 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   806   \frametitle{Beamer}

   807   \begin{itemize}

   808   \item Use beamer since your report's \LaTeX~ would be re-usable.

   809   \item It is recommended to start with on of the beamer templates.

   810   \item Let's look at speaker introduction template.

   811   \item \lstinline+\documentclass{beamer}+ tells \LaTeX~ to start a

   812     beamer presentation. 

   813   \item A beamer document is very similar to any other \LaTeX~

   814     document except that content is divided into slides. 

   815   \end{itemize}

   816 \end{frame}

   817 

   818 \begin{frame}[fragile]

   819   \frametitle{Beamer \ldots}

   820   \begin{itemize}

   821   \item \lstinline+\usetheme+ command is used to specify the theme of the

   822     presentation. 

   823   \item \lstinline+\usecolortheme+ command is used to specify the color

   824     theme. 

   825   \item The content of a slide is enclosed within

   826     \lstinline+\begin{frame}{Title}{Subtitle}+ and

   827     \lstinline+\end{frame}+ 

   828   \item If the slide contains \lstinline+verbatim+

   829     \lstinline+lstlisting+ environments, the \lstinline+\begin{frame}+

   830     should be passed an additional argument \lstinline+[fragile]+

   831   \item Overlays can be achieved using the \lstinline+\pause+

   832     command. 

   833   \item To achieve more with beamer, it is highly recommended that you

   834     look at the \texttt{beameruserguide} 

   835   \end{itemize}

   836 \end{frame}

   837 

   838 \end{document} 

   839