65 As we know for a simple pendulum length,L is directly proportional to |
66 As we know for a simple pendulum length,L is directly proportional to |
66 the square of time,T. We shall be plotting L and T^2 values. |
67 the square of time,T. We shall be plotting L and T^2 values. |
67 |
68 |
68 |
69 |
69 First we will have to initiate L and T values. We initiate them as sequence |
70 First we will have to initiate L and T values. We initiate them as sequence |
70 of values. To tell ipython a sequence of values we write the sequence in |
71 of values. We define a sequence by comma seperated values inside two square brackets. |
71 comma seperated values inside two square brackets. This is also called List |
72 This is also called List.Lets create two sequences L and t. |
72 so to create two sequences |
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73 |
73 |
74 .. #[[Anoop: instead of saying "to tell ipython a sequence of values" |
74 .. #[[Anoop: instead of saying "to tell ipython a sequence of values" |
75 and make it complicated, we can tell, we define a sequence as]] |
75 and make it complicated, we can tell, we define a sequence as]] |
76 |
76 |
77 L,t type in ipython shell. |
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78 |
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79 .. #[[Anoop: sentence is incomplete, can be removed]] |
77 .. #[[Anoop: sentence is incomplete, can be removed]] |
80 |
78 |
81 :: |
79 {{{ Show the initializing L&T slide }}} |
82 |
80 |
83 In []: L = [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5,0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9] |
81 Type in ipython shell :: |
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82 |
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83 L = [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5,0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9] |
84 |
84 |
85 In []: t= [0.69, 0.90, 1.19,1.30, 1.47, 1.58, 1.77, 1.83, 1.94] |
85 t= [0.69, 0.90, 1.19,1.30, 1.47, 1.58, 1.77, 1.83, 1.94] |
86 |
86 |
87 |
87 |
88 To obtain the square of sequence t we will use the function square |
88 To obtain the square of sequence t we will use the function square |
89 with argument t.This is saved into the variable tsquare.:: |
89 with argument t.This is saved into the variable tsquare.:: |
90 |
90 |
91 In []: tsquare=square(t) |
91 tsquare=square(t) |
92 |
92 tsqaure |
93 array([ 0.4761, 0.81 , 1.4161, 1.69 , 2.1609, 2.4964, 3.1329, |
93 array([ 0.4761, 0.81 , 1.4161, 1.69 , 2.1609, 2.4964, 3.1329, |
94 3.3489, 3.7636]) |
94 3.3489, 3.7636]) |
95 |
95 |
96 .. #[[Anoop: how do you get the array([ 0.4761 ....]) output?]] |
96 .. #[[Anoop: how do you get the array([ 0.4761 ....]) output?]] |
97 |
97 |
98 |
98 |
99 Now to plot L vs T^2 we will simply type :: |
99 Now to plot L vs T^2 we will simply type :: |
100 |
100 |
101 In []: plot(L,t,'.') |
101 plot(L,tsquare,'.') |
102 |
102 |
103 .. #[[Anoop: be consistent with the spacing and all.]] |
103 .. #[[Anoop: be consistent with the spacing and all.]] |
104 |
104 |
105 '.' here represents to plot use small dots for the point. :: |
105 '.' here represents to plot use small dots for the point. :: |
106 |
106 |
107 In []: clf() |
107 clf() |
108 |
108 |
109 You can also specify 'o' for big dots.:: |
109 You can also specify 'o' for big dots.:: |
110 |
110 |
111 In []: plot(L,t,'o') |
111 plot(L,tsquare,'o') |
112 |
112 |
113 In []: clf() |
113 clf() |
114 |
114 |
115 |
115 |
116 .. #[[Anoop: Make sure code is correct, corrected plot(L,t,o) to |
116 .. #[[Anoop: Make sure code is correct, corrected plot(L,t,o) to |
117 plot(L,t,'o')]] |
117 plot(L,t,'o')]] |
118 |
118 |
119 {{{ Slide with Error data included }}} |
119 |
120 |
120 |
121 .. #[[Anoop: again slides are incomplete.]] |
121 .. #[[Anoop: again slides are incomplete.]] |
122 |
122 |
123 Now we shall try and take into account error into our plots . The |
123 For any experimental there is always an error in measurements due to |
124 Error values for L and T are on your screen.We shall again intialize |
124 instrumental and human constaraints.Now we shall try and take into |
125 the sequence values in the same manner as we did for L and t |
125 account error into our plots . The Error values for L and T are on |
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126 your screen.We shall again intialize the sequence values in the same |
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127 manner as we did for L and t |
126 |
128 |
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129 The error data we will use is on your screen. |
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130 |
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131 {{{ Show the Adding Error Slide }}} |
127 .. #[[Anoop: give introduction to error and say what we are going to |
132 .. #[[Anoop: give introduction to error and say what we are going to |
128 do]] |
133 do]] |
129 |
134 |
130 :: |
135 :: |
131 |
136 |
132 In []: delta_L= [0.08,0.09,0.07,0.05,0.06,0.00,0.06,0.06,0.01] |
137 delta_L= [0.08,0.09,0.07,0.05,0.06,0.00,0.06,0.06,0.01] |
133 |
138 delta_T= [0.04,0.08,0.03,0.05,0.03,0.03,0.04,0.07,0.08] |
134 In []: delta_T= [0.04,0.08,0.11,0.05,0.03,0.03,0.01,0.07,0.01] |
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135 |
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136 |
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137 |
139 |
138 Now to plot L vs T^2 with an error bar we use the function errorbar() |
140 Now to plot L vs T^2 with an error bar we use the function errorbar() |
139 |
141 |
140 The syntax of the command is as given on the screen. :: |
142 The syntax of the command is as given on the screen. :: |
141 |
143 |
142 |
144 |
143 In []: errorbar(L,tsquare,xerr=delta_L, yerr=delta_T, fmt='b.') |
145 errorbar(L,tsquare,xerr=delta_L, yerr=delta_T, fmt='b.') |
144 |
146 |
145 This gives a plot with error bar for x and y axis. The dots are of |
147 This gives a plot with error bar for x and y axis. The dots are of |
146 blue color. The parameters xerr and yerr are error on x and y axis and |
148 blue color. The parameters xerr and yerr are error on x and y axis and |
147 fmt is the format of the plot. |
149 fmt is the format of the plot. |
148 |
150 |
149 |
151 |
150 similarly we can draw the same error bar with big red dots just change |
152 similarly we can draw the same error bar with big red dots just change |
151 the parameters to fmt to 'ro'. :: |
153 the parameters to fmt to 'ro'. :: |
152 |
154 |
153 In []: clf() |
155 clf() |
154 In []: errorbar(L,tsquare,xerr=delta_L, yerr=delta_T, fmt='ro') |
156 errorbar(L,tsquare,xerr=delta_L, yerr=delta_T, fmt='ro') |
155 |
157 |
156 |
158 |
157 |
159 |
158 thats it. you can explore other options to errorbar using the documentation |
160 thats it. you can explore other options to errorbar using the documentation |
159 of errorbar.:: |
161 of errorbar.:: |
160 |
162 |
161 In []: errorbar? |
163 errorbar? |
162 |
164 |
163 |
165 |
164 {{{ Summary Slides }}} |
166 {{{ Show Summary Slide }}} |
165 |
167 |
166 In this tutorial we have learnt : |
168 In this tutorial we have learnt : |
167 |
169 |
168 1. How to declare a sequence of number , specifically the kind of sequence we learned was a list. |
170 1. How to declare a sequence of number , specifically the kind of sequence we learned was a list. |
169 |
171 |