-Welcome to TiddlyWiki created by Jeremy Ruston, Copyright © 2007 UnaMesa Association
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-
-
-
<!--{{{-->
-<div class='header' macro='gradient vert [[ColorPalette::PrimaryLight]] [[ColorPalette::PrimaryMid]]'>
-<div class='headerShadow'>
-<span class='siteTitle' refresh='content' tiddler='SiteTitle'></span>
-<span class='siteSubtitle' refresh='content' tiddler='SiteSubtitle'></span>
-</div>
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<!--{{{-->
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-<div class='title' macro='view title'></div>
-<div class='subtitle'><span macro='view modifier link'></span>, <span macro='view modified date'></span> (<span macro='message views.wikified.createdPrompt'></span> <span macro='view created date'></span>)</div>
-<div class='tagging' macro='tagging'></div>
-<div class='tagged' macro='tags'></div>
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-<!--}}}-->
-
-
-
<!--{{{-->
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-<div macro='annotations'></div>
-<div class='editor' macro='edit text'></div>
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-<!--}}}-->
-
-
-
To get started with this blank TiddlyWiki, you'll need to modify the following tiddlers:
-* SiteTitle & SiteSubtitle: The title and subtitle of the site, as shown above (after saving, they will also appear in the browser title bar)
-* MainMenu: The menu (usually on the left)
-* DefaultTiddlers: Contains the names of the tiddlers that you want to appear when the TiddlyWiki is opened
-You'll also need to enter your username for signing your edits: <<option txtUserName>>
-
-
-
These InterfaceOptions for customising TiddlyWiki are saved in your browser
-
-Your username for signing your edits. Write it as a WikiWord (eg JoeBloggs)
-
-<<option txtUserName>>
-<<option chkSaveBackups>> SaveBackups
-<<option chkAutoSave>> AutoSave
-<<option chkRegExpSearch>> RegExpSearch
-<<option chkCaseSensitiveSearch>> CaseSensitiveSearch
-<<option chkAnimate>> EnableAnimations
-
-----
-Also see AdvancedOptions
-
-
-
-
-
Adam is the author of ''Taggable.'' To find out more about him and other software that he has created, visit http://www.adamcrossland.net. You can also visit his blog, http://blog.adamcrossland.net, to see the code in action; he created ''Taggable'' as part of the blogging software project the he wrote as a vehicle to learn about [[Google AppEngine]].
-
-
-
{{{
-Copyright 2008 Adam A. Crossland
-
-Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
-http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
-Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-limitations under the License.
-}}}
-
-
-
''1.0''
-Initial release
-----
-''2.0''
-This release has major changes to both [[Tag|Tag Class]] and [[Taggable|Taggable Class]], reflecting significant and important lessons that [[the author|AdamCrossland]] learned about [[Google AppEngine]]. Specifically, this release's changes should substantially improve the performance of any code that uses tags.
-*[[Tag|Tag Class]] entities are now stored with a custom key_name that allows them to be much-more-quickly retrieved from the data store.
-*The [[Tag|Tag Class]] has been rewritten to breakdown Tag/Taggable interactions in to a series of simple, atomic transactions.
-*[[Tag|Tag Class]] has a new property, [[tagged_count|Tag tagged_count Property]], that records the number of Taggable entities in its [[tagged|Tag tagged Property]] property.
-*Two new methods, [[get_tags_by_frequency|Tag get_tags_by_frequency Method]] and [[popular_tags|Tag popular_tags Method]], provide access to lists of [[Tags|Tag Class]] based on the number of [[Taggable|Taggable Class]] entities to which they refer.
-*A new method, [[get_tags_by_name|Tag get_tags_by_name Method]], provides lists of tags in alphabetical order.
-*The [[Taggable|Taggable Class]] class has been greatly simplified. Multiple methods for getting and setting tags have been replaced with a single property, [[tags|Taggable tags Property]], that handles both getting and setting operations.
-*A full suite of automated unit tests for both classes has been created.
-
-
-
If you have any questions or suggestions about ''Taggable'', please feel free to contact the author, AdamCrossland, at adam@adamcrossland.net. Alternatively, you could post the question in <html><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/google-appengine/topics">the Google AppEngine Group.</a></html>
-
-
-
If you are using ''Taggable'' and you have some changes, improvements or bug fixes that you'd like to contribute, please contact AdamCrossland at adam@adamcrossland.net.
-
-
-
Because the Tag records are stored and queried slightly differently (yet much-more efficiently) in //Taggable-mixin 2.0//, an existing application will have to go through a process of converting all of its existing tags.
-
-For AdamCBlog, the application from which //Taggable-mixin// is extracted, I added a new RequestHandler called UpdateTag:
-{{{
-class UpdateTag(RequestHandler):
- def get(self):
- from taggable import Tag
- tag_name = self.request.get('tag')
- tag = db.Query(Tag).filter('tag =', tag_name).fetch(1)[0]
- if tag is not None:
- new_tag = Tag.get_or_create(tag_name)
- for each_tagged in tag.tagged:
- new_tag.add_tagged(each_tagged)
- tag.delete()
-
- self.redirect('/')
-}}}
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-Then, I made the request /~UpdateTag?tag=//inserttaghere// for each Tag in the datastore. Yes, it is laborious.
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-Why not just create a RequestHandler that cycled through all of the tags automatically, converting them as it went? I tried that, but there is too much processing involved; the request uses up its time quota and is killed before it can finish.
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A [[Google AppEngine]] datastore property that holds a Python //datetime//.
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-http://code.google.com/appengine/docs/datastore/typesandpropertyclasses.html#DateTimeProperty
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Google ~AppEngine is Google's platform for developing web applications that run inside Google's computing cloud.
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-Find out more about it at <html><a href="http://code.google.com/appengine/">The Google AppEngine website</a></html>.
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A [[Google AppEngine]] datastore property that holds a Python //long//.
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-http://code.google.com/appengine/docs/datastore/typesandpropertyclasses.html#IntegerProperty
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''Taggable'' is a <html><a href="http://www.linuxjournal.com/node/4540/print">mixin</a></html> class that AdamCrossland created in order to add [[tags|Tag Definition]] to his personal blog (http://blog.adamcrossland.net) which is built on [[Google AppEngine]]. The design seemed clean and portable, so he decided to share it with the greater [[AppEngine|Google AppEngine]] community. It is available under [[Apache 2.0 Open Source license]].
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-Users of taggable-mixin 1.0 should note that taggable-mixin 2.0 is not directly compatible with 1.0. While it is possible to upgrade, existing Tag entities will have to be [[converted|Converting from 1.0 to 2.0]].
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A [[Google AppEngine]] class that represents a unique key for a datastore entity.
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-http://code.google.com/appengine/docs/datastore/keyclass.html
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A [[Google AppEngine]] datastore property that represents a Python //list//.
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-http://code.google.com/appengine/docs/datastore/typesandpropertyclasses.html#ListProperty
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[[Introduction|Introduction]]
-ChangeLog
-StepByStep
-<<tag api>>
-----
-[[License|Apache 2.0 Open Source license]]
-[[Contribute]]
-[[Contact]]
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A //~RequestHandler// is a Python class that inherits from //webapp.~RequestHandler//. It is used to answer HTTP requests that are received by your [[Google AppEngine]] application. For more information on this subject, please consult the <html><a href="http://code.google.com/appengine/docs/webapp/requesthandlers.html">documentation.</a></html>
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<<search>><<closeAll>><<permaview>><<newTiddler>><<saveChanges>><<slider chkSliderOptionsPanel OptionsPanel "options ยป" "Change TiddlyWiki advanced options">>
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a portable mixin class for adding Tags to Google ~AppEngine Models
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Here's a step-by-step guide to adding ''Taggable'' to your [[Google AppEngine]] application. This presents the simplest, most straightforward path to integrating ''Taggable'' as as such, it does not cover all of the options that are available.
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-All of the code examples are modified extracts from the blogging software for which I originally created ''Taggable.'' //''These examples do not represent what the author considers to be complete and secure code; please make sure that you are familiar with best practices for building secure web applications before creating a web application. The author of this document and the accompanying code bears no responsibility whatsoever for any losses or damages that you incur as a result of failing to take the appropriate steps to create a stable, secure, well-written web application.''//
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-*Copy [[taggable.py]] to your application directory.
-*Import [[taggable.py]] into the python file that defines the Model that you want to make taggable:
-{{{
-from taggable import Taggable
-}}}
-*Add //Taggable// to the list of classes from which your Model class inherits. Taggable -- and any other mixin classes -- should come before db.Model:
-{{{
-class Post(Taggable, db.Model):
-}}}
-*Add code to your Model's //init// method to call Taggable's //init// method. If your Model class does not already override //init//, it will have to, and you will have to explicitly call the //init// method of any other superclass -- such as db.Model:
-{{{
- def __init__(self, parent=None, key_name=None, app=None, **entity_values):
- db.Model.__init__(self, parent, key_name, app, **entity_values)
- Taggable.__init__(self)
-}}}
-*Add code to your template to express the tagging information:
-{{{
-{% if post.tags %}
- <div class="posttags">tags:
- {% for each_tag in post.tags %}
- <a href="/searchbytag?tag={{ each_tag.tag|escape }}">{{ each_tag.tag }}</a>{% if forloop.last %}{% else %}, {% endif %}
- {% endfor %}
- </div>
-{% endif %}
-}}}
-or
-{{{
-<tr>
- <td>Tags:</td>
- <td>
- <input type="TEXT" name="tags" size="106" value="{% if post %}{{ post.tags_string }}{% endif %}" />
- </td>
-</tr>
-}}}
-*In any RequestHandler method that updates a Model object that has tags associated with it, assign any new value to the ''Taggable'' object's [[tags|TaggableTagsProperty]]:
-{{{
-class EditPost(SmartHandler.SmartHandler):
- def post(self):
- postid = self.request.get('id')
- post = Post.get(postid)
- post.title = self.request.get('title')
- post.body = self.request.get('body')
- post.edited = datetime.datetime.now()
- post.tags = self.request.get('tags')
- post.put()
- .
- . do whatever else you need to do in your handler...
- .
-}}}
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A [[Google AppEngine]] datastore property that holds a Python //string// of 500 characters or less.
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-http://code.google.com/appengine/docs/datastore/typesandpropertyclasses.html#StringProperty
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The //Tag// class is the Model class that holds the data for an individual [[tag|Tag Definition]].
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-It has four properties:
-*[[tag|Tag tag Property]]
-*[[added|Tag tag_added Property]]
-*[[tagged|Tag tagged Property]]
-*[[tagged_count|Tag tagged_count Property]]
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-and ten methods:
-*[[remove_tagged|Tag remove_tagged Method]]
-*[[add_tagged|Tag add_tagged Method]]
-*[[clear_tagged|Tag clear_tagged Method]]
-*[[get_by_name|Tag get_by_name Method]]
-*[[get_tags_for_key|Tag get_tags_for_key Method]]
-*[[get_or_create|Tag get_or_create Method]]
-*[[get_tags_by_frequency|Tag get_tags_by_frequency Method]]
-*[[get_tags_by_name|Tag get_tags_by_name Method]]
-*[[popular_tags|Tag popular_tags Method]]
-*[[expire_cached_tags|Tag expire_cached_tags Method]]
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A //Tag// is a word or short phrase that acts as metadata; it describes and increases the searchability and findability of data.
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-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tag_(metadata)
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//tag_instance.add_tagged(key)//
-* key - a [[Key|Key Class]] for a //Taggable// Model to mark with the [[Tag|Tag Class]]
-Returns: nothing
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-The //add_tagged// method adds the [[Key|Key Class]] passed in to the Tag's [[tagged|Tag tagged Property]] collection and increments the [[tagged_count|Tag tagged_count Property]]. The operations are performed inside a transaction to ensure data intergity.
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-Under most circumstances, the programmer will not need to call //add_tagged// directly; it is meant to be used internally by the [[Tagged Class]]. However, it is available for use by those who wish to customize the behavior of Taggable.
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//tag_instance.clear_tagged(key)//
-* key - a [[Key|Key Class]] for a //Taggable// object.
-Returns: nothing
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-The //clear_tagged// method empties the Tag's [[tagged|Tag tagged Property]] collection and sets the [[tagged_count|Tag tagged_count Property]] to zero. The operations are performed inside a transaction to ensure data intergity.
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-Under most circumstances, the programmer will not need to call //clear_tagged// directly; it is meant to be used internally by the [[Tagged Class]]. However, it is available for use by those who wish to customize the behavior of Taggable.
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//Tag.expire_cached_tags()//
-Returns: nothing
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-Comments:
-This method removes from memcache any objects that have been cached by other [[Tag|Tag Class]] methods. Usually, the programmer will not call this method directly, as it is used behind-the-scenes by code that affects the validity of the cached items. It is available, however, in case the programmer wishes to customize existing behavior.
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//Tag.get_by_name(tag_name)//
-*tag_name - the tag, in text form
-Returns: a [[Tag|Tag Class]] or //None//
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-Example:
-{{{
-class SearchByTag(RequestHandler):
- def get(self):
- from post import Post
- from taggable import Tag
-
- requested_tag = self.request.get('tag')
- if requested_tag is not None and len(requested_tag) > 0:
- tag = Tag.get_by_name(requested_tag)
- posts = None
- if tag is not None:
- posts = Post.get(tag.tagged)
-
- self.template_values['posts'] = posts
-}}}
-
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//Tag.get_or_create(tag_name)//
-*tag_name - the name of the tag that is to be retrieved from or created in the datastore
-Returns: a [[Tag|Tag Class]]
-
-Example:
-{{{
-for each_tag in tags:
- each_tag = string.strip(each_tag)
- if len(each_tag) > 0 and each_tag not in self.__tags:
- # A tag that was not previously assigned to this entity
- # is present in the list that is being assigned, so we
- # associate this entity with the tag.
- tag = Tag.get_or_create(each_tag)
- tag.add_tagged(self.key())
- self.__tags.append(tag)
-}}}
-
-
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//Tag.get_tags_by_frequency(limit=1000)//
-*limit - the number of records to return; the maximum is 1000
-Returns: a list of [[Tag|Tag Class]] objects, ordered by the number of //Taggable// objects assigned to it.
-
-Example:
-{{{
-@classmethod
-def popular_tags(cls, limit=5):
- from google.appengine.api import memcache
-
- tags = memcache.get('popular_tags')
- if tags is None:
- tags = Tag.get_tags_by_frequency(limit)
- memcache.add('popular_tags', tags, 3600)
-
- return tags
-}}}
-
-
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//Tag.get_tags_by_name(tag_name)//
-*tag_name - the string value of a [[Tag|Tag Class]] to be retrieved from the datastore
-Returns: a [[Tag|Tag Class]] object or None if the given //tag_name// does not exist
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-Example:
-{{{
-requested_tag = self.request.get('tag')
-if requested_tag is not None and len(requested_tag) > 0:
- tag = Tag.get_by_name(requested_tag)
- posts = None
- if tag is not None:
- posts = Post.get(tag.tagged)
-
- self.template_values['posts'] = posts
-}}}
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//Tag.get_tags_for_key(key)//
-*key - a [[Key|Key Class]] for a //Taggable// object.
-Returns: a //list// of [[Tag|Tag Class]] objects
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-Example:
-{{{
-def __get_tags(self):
- "Get a List of Tag objects for all Tags that apply to this object."
- if self.__tags is None or len(self.__tags) == 0:
- self.__tags = Tag.get_tags_for_key(self.key())
- return self.__tags
-}}}
-
-
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//Tag.popular_tags(limit=5)//
-*limit - the number of records to return; the default is 5 and the maximum is 1000
-Returns: a list of [[Tag|Tag Class]] objects, ordered by the number of [[Taggable|Taggable Class]] objects assigned to it.
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-Comments:
-This method is a thin wrapper around [[get_tags_by_frequency|Tag get_tags_by_frequency]] that caches the returned values.
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-Example:
-{{{
-self.template_values['popular_tags'] = Tag.popular_tags()
-}}}
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//tag_instance.remove_tagged(key)//
-* key - a [[Key|Key Class]] for a //Taggable// object.
-Returns: nothing
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-The //remove_tagged// method removes the [[Key|Key Class]] passed in from the Tag's [[tagged|Tag tagged Property]] collection and decrements the [[tagged_count|Tag tagged_count Property]]. The operations are performed inside a transaction to ensure data intergity.
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-Under most circumstances, the programmer will not need to call //remove_tagged// directly; it is meant to be used internally by the [[Tagged Class]]. However, it is available for use by those who wish to customize the behavior of Taggable.
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A StringProperty that holds the name or value of the tag.
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The DateTimeProperty that records that date and time that the [[Tag|TagClass]] was first added.
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A ListProperty that holds the Keys of all of the entities that have the given [[Tag|TagClass]] assigned to them.
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An IntegerProperty that holds the number of items that have the Tag assigned to them.
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The //Taggable// class can be mixed-in to any other Python class that inherits from //db.Model// in order to associate [[Tags|Tag Definition]] with that model. For instance, if you were creating blogging software, one of your fundamental objects would be a //Post// that would comprise all of the information about an individual entry in your blog. Usually, a Post can have [[Tags|Tag Definition]] added to it in order to provide easily-digested information to the reader about the content.
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-It has two properties:
-*[[tags|Taggable tags Property]]
-*[[tag_separator|Taggable tag_separator Property]]
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-and one method:
-*[[tags_string|Taggable tags_string Method]]
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-Example:
-{{{
-class Post(Taggable, db.Model):
- index = db.IntegerProperty(required=True, default=0)
- body = db.TextProperty(required = True)
- title = db.StringProperty()
- added = db.DateTimeProperty(auto_now_add=True)
- added_month = db.IntegerProperty()
- added_year = db.IntegerProperty()
- edited = db.DateTimeProperty()
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- def __init__(self, parent=None, key_name=None, app=None, **entity_values):
- db.Model.__init__(self, parent, key_name, app, **entity_values)
- Taggable.__init__(self)
-}}}
-Notes:
-*Notice that [[Taggable|Taggable Class]] is placed before db.Model in the inheritance list. While this is not strictly required for //Taggable-mixin// to function correctly, it //is// required for other mixin classes, and it is generally a good practice.
-*It //is// required that the [[Taggable|Taggable Class]] //init// method is explicitly called, so it should be placed in the inherting class's //init// method. If the class would not otherwise have one, it should be created, and the db.Model //init// must be called as well, as shown.
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The //tag_separator// property is the string that is used to separate individual tags in a string representation of a list of tags. It is used by the [[tags property|TaggableTagsProperty]] to parse a string that may contain one or more tags to be applied to a [[Taggable|TaggableClass]] object. It is also used by the [[tags_string|TaggableTagsStringMethod]] method to construct a string representation of the tags for a [[Taggable|TaggableClass]] object.
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-*By default, it is set to a comma (','), but it can be programatically-set to whatever value the developer desires
-*It is probably best to avoid using whitespace characters, as that would prevent users from entering multi-word tags
-*Custom separator values can be set at different levels.
-**To set one value for all [[Taggable|TaggableClass]] objects, modify the //init// method in the //Taggable// class in the taggable.py file:
-{{{
-class Taggable:
- def __init__(self):
- self.tag_separator = ";" # Made it semi-colon instead of comma
-}}}
-**To set one value for all instances of a particular [[Taggable|TaggableClass]] class, modify the //init// method of that class:
-{{{
-class Post(Taggable, db.Model):
- body = db.TextProperty(required = True)
- title = db.StringProperty()
- added = db.DateTimeProperty(auto_now_add=True)
- edited = db.DateTimeProperty()
-
- def __init__(self, parent=None, key_name=None, app=None, **entity_values):
- db.Model.__init__(self, parent, key_name, app, **entity_values)
- Taggable.__init__(self)
- self.tag_separator = ";" # Made it semi-colon instead of comma
-}}}
-**To set a value for one particular instance of a [[Taggable|TaggableClass]] class, set the value after creating the instance:
-{{{
-newpost = Post(title = self.request.get('title'), body = self.request.get('body'))
-newpost.tag_separator = ";" # Made it semi-colon instead of comma
-newpost.set_tags_from_string("foo; bar; bletch; this is a tag; tags rule"
-}}}
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The a [[Taggable|Taggable Class]] class's //tags// property is used to assign [[Tags|Tag Class]] to the [[Taggable|Taggable Class]] instance or retrieve a //list// of those already assigned.
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-Assignment Example:
-{{{
-class Post(Taggable, db.Model):
- index = db.IntegerProperty(required=True, default=0)
- body = db.TextProperty(required = True)
- title = db.StringProperty()
- added = db.DateTimeProperty(auto_now_add=True)
- added_month = db.IntegerProperty()
- added_year = db.IntegerProperty()
- edited = db.DateTimeProperty()
-
- def __init__(self, parent=None, key_name=None, app=None, **entity_values):
- db.Model.__init__(self, parent, key_name, app, **entity_values)
- Taggable.__init__(self)
-
- @classmethod
- def new_post(cls, new_title=None, new_body=None, new_tags=[]):
- if new_title is not None and new_body is not None:
-
- new_post = Post(title = new_title, body = new_body)
- new_post.put()
-
- new_post.tags = new_tags
- new_post.save()
- else:
- raise Exception("Must supply both new_title and new_body when creating a new Post.")
-}}}
-
-Retrieval Example:
-{{{
-{% if post.tags %}
- <div class="posttags">tags:
- {% for each_tag in post.tags %}
- <a href="/searchbytag?tag={{ each_tag.tag|escape }}">{{ each_tag.tag }}</a>{% if forloop.last %}{% else %}, {% endif %}
- {% endfor %}
- </div>
-{% endif %}
-}}}
-
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//taggable_instance.tags_string()//
-Returns: a string representation of the tags assigned to the [[Taggable|Taggable Class]] instance.
-
-This method simply joins the string versions of each [[Tag|Tag Class]] in the [[Taggable|Taggable Class]] class's //list//, placing the value stored in [[tag_separator|Taggable tag_separator Property]] inbetween each element.
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-
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The //get_tags_as_string// method creates a string representation of all of the tags that apply to a ''Taggable'' object.
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The //set_tags// method sets the tags for a ''Taggable'' object from a list of strings:
-{{{
-tag_list = ["foo", "bar", "bletch","this is a tag", "tags rule"]
-my_taggable_object.set_tags(tag_list)
-}}}
-
-
-
The //set_tags_from_string method// sets the tags for a Taggable object from a string that contains one or more tags separated by the character or characters in //self.tag_seperator//:
-{{{
-tag_list = "foo, bar, bletch, this is a tag, tags rule"
-my_taggable_object.set_tags_from_string(tag_list)
-}}}
-
-By default, [[tag_separator|tag_separator]] is set to a comma (','), but it can be anything that the programmer wants.
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All of the code for the ''Taggable'' mixin class lives in the file taggable.py. Simply copy this file in to your Google ~AppEngine main directory, and it should be available to your code.
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